364 ETHNOLOGY. 



lu this deposit the skull and bones belonging to one individual were 

 found; all the covering was an aqueous sediment. Deposited with 

 and above the shells are lime, gravel, and sand, the material becoming 

 finer toward the top, the last foot being fine alluvium and vegetable- 

 mold. The sedimentary lines were perfect and unbroken, and the ex- 

 cavation had made the means of observation all that could be desired. 



It was visited by many members of our academy, and by Prof. 

 Alexander Winchell, while some of the bones were in place ; and all 

 agree that the covering to this pre-historic man was put on by sedimen- 

 tary deposit. 



Accurate levelings prove the top of this deposit to be eighteen feet 

 above the highest water known since Fort Armstrong was established 

 on the Island. 



ANTIQUITIES OF XORTHERJi OHIO. 



By Geo. W. Hill, M. D., of Ashland, Ohio. 



In the spring of 1872, Mr. S. W. Briggs, a farmer of Sullivan Town- 

 ship, Ashland County, while plowing an old "cat-swamp" or sloughy 

 came upon a bed or nest of Indian fliut-implements about eighteen inches 

 beneath the surface. His attention was arrested by a grating sound be- 

 neath the plow, and on examination fo'j.nd two or three peculiarly-shaped 

 arrow-heads or flint cutting-points. Hastening to his house, he pro- 

 cured a shovel and mattock, and proceeded to unearth the deposit. On 

 carefully removing the surrounding soil — rich black mold — he found a 

 keg-like vessel of red-elm ( JJlmus rubra) bark, about three-fourths of an 

 inch in thickness, some ten or twelve in diameter, and about thirteen 

 in height. The vessel was a section of the bark, which had been removed 

 from the tree by cutting or notching around the body and then peeliug it 

 off. It would hold something over one peck. It was in a tolerable state 

 of preservation. It contained two hundred and one flint-implements, 

 neatly and symmetrically finished, and a number of fragments which 

 Lad not been dressed. The bottom of the nest was about two feet 

 below the surface. About four feet south of the vessel his plow struck 

 a forked oak-stake, the double end being deep in the mold, and also 

 another stake, of the same timber, about four feet east of the deposit, 

 driven deeply into the loam. The lower ends of the stakes were over 

 three feet deep, the parts above the water and' ground having decayed 

 were wanting. In digging down, the forks were found to be beneath ■ 

 the surface soil and quite sound. There was also a streak of yellow sand 

 about ten inches wide, two or three deep, and eight or ten feet long, run- 

 ning in a northeastern direction from the deposit, which could have 

 been plainly seen when the water stood over the slough. This sand is 

 found on the banks of Black River, about one and a half miles distant. 

 The slough was drained some ten years since,, and has been once or 



