ETHNOLOGY. 377 



eighteen inches beneath the surface, often imbedded in charcoal and 

 ashes. They consist of hammers, sinliers, celts, stone ornaments, pipes, 

 pottery ; also implements and ornaments of bone, snch as bone splint- 

 ers, awls, and needles, daggers or dirks, cylindrical ear ornaments, 

 implements for the ornamentation of pottery, jierforated metatarsals, 

 and perforated teeth. These bone implements are found in all stages 

 of manufacture, from the rude splinter to the ground and polished imjile- 

 ment or ornament. 



What was the original height of these works can now only be a 

 matter of conjecture. It is probable, however, that the embankments 

 were from four to five feet in height and surmounted by palisades. 

 Vegetable mold to the depth of six inches has accnmulated upon those 

 jDoints most elevated and exposed to atmospheric action ; beneath this 

 stratum the relics occur to the depth of eighteen inches. The inference, 

 therefore, is that since the work was abandoned time enough has elapsed 

 for the accumulation of this six inches of vegetable matter by the slow" 

 process of growth and deposit on dry land. It was inhabited or used 

 long enough for twelve inches to accumulate. It was probably aban- 

 doned when the lake was so nearly filled that it ceased to afford either 

 fish or a permanent supply of water. Since the time when timber com- 

 menced to grow at the surface of the lake, two feet of vegetable matter 

 have accumulated. 



ANTIQUITIES OF LA POliTE COUNTY, IXDIANA. 



By E. S. Eobertson, of Foist Wayne, Indiana. 



At Union Mills, La Porte County, is located one of the most remarka- 

 ble groups of mounds to be found in Northern Indiana. 



Union Mills is a small village, with a beautiful location on the high 

 table-lands between the great Kankakee Marsh and Lake Michigan, 

 most of the village being on the east side of Mill Creek, which furnishes 

 a fine water-power for the mill from which its name is derived, and 

 which flows southwardly through a ravine some 40 or 50 feet below the 

 nearly level plain on which most of the mounds are situated. To the 

 southwest another ravine terminates this table-land, beyond which are 

 a series of ridges and levels gradually merging into the Kankakee Marsh, 

 which is here, however, generally drained and cultivated. Along the 

 brink of this ravine, ten (or rather five double) mounds have been raised, 

 of nearly uniform construction, and all evidently for places of sepulture. 



Where the mounds are double, as all of this series are, the larger one 

 is now about 10 feet in height, and its companion about one-third lower. 

 The longitudinal diameter of the two is about 150 feet by from GO to 70 feet 

 across, and they are from 50 to 100 feet apart. The small mound at each 

 end of this series is thrown back nearly at right angles with the general 



