388 ETHNOLOGY. 



have their proportions wrought out, on both sides,- as true to the design 

 of the artist as could be done in our day upon such work. 



Some of my arrow-heads have their points so crooked that one might 

 fancy that they were intended to shoot around a corner. Besides arrow- 

 points with bases to fit to the shaft, I have many without the projecting 

 base, from one to three inches long 5 others with flat and thin bases, said 

 to be war-implements, and to be left in the wound; and some few almost 

 triangular. These last are generally more perfect than the regular- 

 pointed. 



The hatchets, so called, did not apparently answer the purpose of the 

 modern instrument of the same name, and, so far as I can see, were 

 never used by the Indian in that way. I have never seen one rubbed 

 or worn, and this is true also of the axes. The latter were, in my opinion, 

 used exclusively in war and in the chase. 



Pottery seems to have been very extensively used among the ancient 

 inhabitants of this region ; some of very good quality, others very 

 imperfect ; some baked doubtless in nets, other as certainly without nets. 

 I have one piece which, from its curvature, indicates a diameter of 17 

 inches, others from that down to 4 inches; none with ears or handles, 

 but some with deflected rims. Some of the pottery has pounded chal- 

 cedony mixed with the clay of which it is composed; more, however, with- 

 out it; another variety is worked out of soapstone or steatite. I have 

 a number of pipes, one of clay, one of limestone, representing the human 

 face and head in good style, and another of steatite showing a fox's 

 head, a most capital representation. There are hammers in the col- 

 lection, large and small, one weighing 8 pounds, 8 inches long, 6i inches 

 broad, 2J inches thick. 



Mortars are found on my farm. A broken corn-mill was sent from it 

 a year or so ago ; a medicine-mortar was also i^resented to the Institu- 

 tion. I have another, a paint-mortar, very unique, 4 inches long, and 2 

 broad, with a cavity on both sides (top and bottom) for the thumb and 

 fingers to hold the article while the party is painting himself. The 

 corn-mill was found three miles from my house. I think it singular that 

 among the articles I have found on my farm there has not been a single 

 corn-mill, although I have found a piece of a very large pestle. I have, 

 however, two other very small mortars, which I suppose must have 

 been for medicine or j)aint. 



I have gathered since I commenced my collection, as stated above, 

 everything that showed any trace of human art, consequently have 

 quite a variety of unfinished pieces, some just begun, others more per- 

 fect, showing at once the implement to be formed. One piece, fgr in- 

 stance, of yellow quartz, 10 inches long, 5 broad, 27^ thick, weighs 6 

 pounds, intended to be a spear; another quartz piece, cimeter shape, 

 15 inches long, 3^ inches broad, 2^ inches thick, weighs 6^ pounds, 

 seems to be for a war-club, having a handle sufficiently developed for 

 that purpose. There are also a variety of net-sinkers, very rough, of 



