402 ETHNOLOGY. 



sions, the principal and most reliable men of the Sissiton and Wahpeton 

 tribes, all of whom tell the same story of having seen earthen kettles for 

 culinary purposes in use by their parents. They state, however, tha£ the 

 Dakotas never made pottery ; but in this, Carver, a traveler who spent 

 a winter among them more than a hundred years ago, contradicts 

 them. Some say it w^as brought from the Missouri, having been pur- 

 chased from the Omahas, others that the Pawnees made it ; others that 

 they obtained it as booty from the Mandans, with whom they were con- 

 stantly at war. In corroboration of this statement, Catlin gives an ad- 

 mii-able account of seeing Mandan women make and use pottery when 

 in the country of that nation, in 1832. That the Mandans, a tribe now 

 residing with the Eees, in i^ermanent lodges, near Fort Bufort, and sub- 

 sisting i)artly by agriculture, once possessed the territory around Kettle 

 Lakes, and hence made the pottery, is probable, from the faet that the 

 deepest hearths in the site of the excavation are such as the Mandans 

 construct at the present day. The Cheyennes, about one hundred years 

 since, were dispossessed of the soil by the Dakotas, and the country 

 named Cega lyeyapi, as previously stated. The legend of the latter 

 tribe ascribed to the former the authorship of the artificial tumuli in 

 this vicinity. 



ANTIQUITIES ON THE CACHE LA POUDRE KIVER, WELD COUNTY, COLOIIVDO 



TERRITORY. 



By Edward S. Berthoud. 



During a casual walk taken by me in July, 18C7, along the cretaceous 

 bluffs which extend on Cache La Poudre Eiver for several miles, and 

 while searchiag for some strata containing fossil-shells of that epoch, 

 my attention was drawn to the beds of gravel and small bowlders which 

 appear to crown tbe blufts and higher slopes. This gravel contains both 

 sedimentary and igneous rocks, is evidently of recent origin, and was 

 lu'obably deposited long since the cretaceous period. We find here not 

 only rolled pebbles of quartz, felspathic and micaceous granite horn- 

 blende rock, sandstone, and ferruginous quartz-rock, but also con- 

 glomerate of an older period, both common and moss agates, varie- 

 gated sandstone, &c., with sometimes a pebble of hard limestone. 



While continuing my examination and searching for moss-agates, I 

 found several small accumulations of agate-chips half buried in the soil, 

 or composing a pavement in spots laid bare by the industry of numerous 

 colonies of ants, who seem to be amateurs of all small gay-colored or 

 bright pebbles with which to construct their nests. These chippings 

 appearing in numerous places excited my curiosity, until both myself 

 and companions found in one place two or three arrow-heads made from 

 the coarse agates found there, as well as the oval stone tool which I send 

 with the arrow-head, stone teeth for war-club or saw, and some broken 



