REPORT OF THE SECRETARY. 55 



brate remains have been found, but it is the Bridger group that has fur- 

 nished the greatest profusion of mammalian, beside many reptilian and 

 a few ganoid remains. 



Part of a skeleton of a Passerine bird has been obtained from the 

 Green Eiver group. 



Large collections of plants have been made at numerous localities. 

 Besides samples of silicilied exogenous wood from numerous horizons 

 throughout the Mesozoic and Tertiary series, leaves, stems, «&c., have 

 been collected from the Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary strata. These 

 are mostly exogenous, but both ferns and palms were found associated 

 with them in the Upper Green River group at Alkali Stage Station, 

 twenty miles northward from Green liiver City. 



Professor Thompson's party discovered the ruins of many prehistoric 

 dwellings similar to those found in former years, and their position will 

 be indicated on the ethnographic map. They also discovered on the 

 canon-walls and escarpments of the country many Shi'-nu-mo etchings, 

 M'hich were co])ied to scale. They ^^ill make a valuable addition to the 

 collections of former years. 



While on his travels, Professor Powell met with certain tribes of 

 Shoshonilndians whose arts were unrepresented in the National Museum, 

 and the o])portunity was seized to make collections of their implements 

 and clothing, &c. In all departments, except that of food-plants, these 

 Indians are now as fully represented as the Utes, Pai Utes, and Shi'-nu- 

 mos by his former collections. Some additions were made to his Sho- 

 shoni vocabulary and to his mythologic tales. 



During the past years of the survey, vocabularies have been collected 

 of all of the above languages and dialects with the exception of the 

 Ko man'-tsu. These are far from being complete, but contain many 

 hundred words each, some of them two or three thousand each. 



The grammatic structure of these languages has also been studied to 

 some extent, and while no structural principles have been found which 

 have not been discovered in other Indian languages, much of value has 

 been obtained. 



Mr. L. F. Ward was attached to the division as botanist, and made 

 veiy large collections from a region but hitherto little studied. He also 

 collected a large suite of wood sections of the various shrub.s and trees 

 found in that region. 



Mr. J. K. Hiliers, the photographer, made a series of negatives, 101 in 

 number, for topographic and geological purposes, and a series of 10 for 

 ethnograiihic purposes. 



The operations of the geographical surveys west of the one hundredth 

 meridian, First Lieut. George M. AVheeler in charge, for the season of 

 1875 were confined to areas in Colorado, New Mexico, California, and 

 Arizona, and were prosecuted in pursuance of aspecial project approved 

 by tlie Chief of Engineers and the honorable Secretary of War. 



The working force for the season was organized as follows : (1.) The 



