342. ETHNOLOGY. 



cavity is exactly half an inch in diameter, and half an inch deep. As, 

 however, the margin of the bowl is broken throughout its entire extent, 

 it is possible that the dei:>th of the cavity may have been greater. This 

 form of pipe is not as frequently met with as the preceding one, 

 although not what might be called a "rare" pattern. We have seen 

 several plain fragments of carved and drilled soft stone, which were 

 certainly referable to the stems of this style of pipe. 



Figure 181 represents a form of small clay pipe, of which fragments 

 are occasionally found, but very seldom is a perfect or even nearly j)er- 

 fect specimen met with. In the splendid cabinet of Michael Newbold, 

 esq., of Burlington County, New Jersey, are several fragments of this 

 form of pipe, of fine yellow clay, which had been very carefully baked. 

 The stems were perfectly cylindrical instead of flat on the under side, as 

 is the case with figure 181 ; the bowl, also, of this specimen figured is 

 ridged and somewhat flattened upon the sides and front, which gives it 

 a much less neat appearance than those referred in the Newbold collec- 

 tion or than similar clay pipes found in New York.* 



Figure 182 represents a very large, though roughly made, stone pipe, 

 found near the shore of the Delaware Eiver, at Beverly, N. J. It is 

 apparently carved out of a serpentine pebble, the bowl pecked out 

 and then polished inside and out. The stem is flat, with rounded angles, 

 while the whole surface is somewhat polished. The nearly circular bowl 

 is two inches in diameter, with sides varying little from an average thick- 

 ness of about three-eighths of an inch. The bottom of the bowl and the 

 stem, which are continuous and straight, or flat, have not been polished, 

 and appear to be the unaltered surface of the pebble of which the pipe 

 is made. The only attempt at ornamentation consists of a number of 

 oblique lines, pretty deeply cut, which are crossed by similar ones ex- 

 tending across the spaces between the long lines. The cross-lines are 

 all short, none extending to, or encroaching upon, the others. These 

 have been cut with a shari)-i)ointed tool not recognized in any of the 

 large series of pointed forms, as drills, &;c., which we have collected. 



There is in the cabinet of Eutger's College, at New Brunswick, N. 

 J., a large stone pipe similar to this specimen in every particular, fig- 

 ure 182, save that of ornamentation, of which there is none. These 

 two specimens are the largest we have seen, that have been discovered 

 in the State. "We have heard of the existence of several specimens of 

 large stone pipes, some with elaborate carving, but on tracing them up 

 they have invariably proved to be either much less "extensive" than 

 was represented, or undoubted pipes of the mound-builders, brought 

 from the Western States. 



Figure 183 represents an interesting fragment of a " pottery" pipe, 

 and is made of the same mixture of clay, shell, and mica as are most of 

 the scraps of vessels that we find scattered over fields where Indian 

 villages formerly existed. This fragment is unquestionably the front of 



* Squier, 1. c, p. 7G, iigs. 9, 10, 11. 



