BOTANY. 557 



THALLOPHYTES. 



Fungi. — Papers describing new species of fungi have been excessively 

 numerous, but those relating to their development have not been so 

 numerous as usual. Of developmental works mention should first be 

 made of Woronin's beautifully illustrated Beitrage zur Kenntniss der 

 Ustilogineen, which forms the fifth part of De Bary and Woronin's Bei- 

 trage zur Morpliologie iind Fhysiologie der Pilze. The greater part of 

 this paper is devoted to the development of Tuburcinia trientalis, and 

 at the end is a classification of the genera of Usfilaginece. The Bot. 

 Zeitung has a paper by Fisch on the "Development of Ascomycetes," in 

 which the principal genera studied were Polystigma., Xylaria, and Clani- 

 ceps. In the first-named genus Fisch found sperm atia and trichogynes 

 resembling those found by Stahl in Collema,\)nt no sexuality could be dis- 

 covered in the two last-named genera. In Grevillea and the Gardener's 

 Chronicle Plowright gives an account of his experiments on the Heterce- 

 c'isni of Uredineoe, in which he confirms the views of continental my- 

 cologists as to the connection between several forms, and shows further 

 that the teleutosi)ores of Puccini a graminis may be made to grow dirc(;tly 

 on wheat without the intervention of an secidium. The act of fertilization 

 in Achlya and Saprolegnia was treated by Priugsheim in a paper read 

 before the Berlin Academy. He differs with De Bary in regard to the 

 apogamic character of some of the species of the genera named above, 

 and thinks that there is really a fertilization which may be accomplished 

 by means of motile masses of protoplasm, which he calls spermamcebae- 

 Zopf, in a communication in the Bot. Centralblatt states his belief that 

 the spermamoebae of Pringsheim are really parasites. The parasites of 

 Saprolegnice are described by Alfred Fischer in Priugsheim's Jahrbuch. 



Eelating to the fungi of this country should be mentioned two papers 

 by Peck in the Tarry Bulletin : " Fungi in Wrong Genera," where it is 

 shown that Mitruta inplata Schw. is a new genus of Basidiomycetes ; and 

 an "Imperfectly described Phalloid." New species of fungi are de- 

 scribed by Peck and Ellis in the Bulletin, the Bot. Gazette, and Am. Nat- 

 uralist, and a new Polyporus is described in the Bot. Gazette by A. P. 

 Morgan. Mielielia contains descriptions by Saccardo of more than a 

 hundred species of American fungi, most of which are new. 



The most extensive descriptive work which has api^eared during the 

 year is the Sylloge Fungorum of Saccardo, the first part of which forms 

 a large volume, including the Perisporiacece and a part of the Sphaeri- 

 acece. New British fungi have been described by Berkeley and Broome 

 in Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., and by Cooke in Grevillea. In the last- 

 named journal is a " Monograph of British Hypomyces," by Plowright. 

 Cooke's " Illustrations of British Fungi" has been continued through 

 several i^arts. The first volume of Eabeuhorst's Krypotogamen Flora has 

 been continued during the year, completing the JJredinecc and including 

 a large part of the Hymenomycetes. Mielielia contains papers on the 



