566 SCIENTIFIC RECORD FOR 1882. 



higher temperatures (48° to 50°) are found." The cause is supposed to 

 have originated in March. (See Verrill in A. J. S., (3,) Nov., 1882.) 



Questions of nomenclature have received attention from various natu- 

 ralists as well as scientific bodies. The Zoological Society of France 

 published a report on Kules api)licable to the Nomenclature of Organic 

 Beings (Eagles applicable fl la Nomenclature des fitres Organises). The 

 proposed rules are essentially those which for a long time have regu- 

 lated^the usage of zoologists, but there are some which have not found 

 universal acceptance, and some which are of trivial importance. Thus, 

 it is recommended that specific names derived from persons should be 

 nouns in the genitive and with a single i (unless actually used and 

 declined otherwise in the Latin language), as in LamarcTci, while those 

 referring to places should be adjectives, e. g., Nej-Batavits and not 

 Novce-Hollandice. Discretion is permitted as to the use of capital or 

 small initials for proper names. Names of similar import, as '■'■Jluvio- 

 rum, fluviaUs, and JiuviatiUs,''^ are negatived for different species of the 

 same genus; and names once used, but fallen into disuse, cannot be re- 

 peated or resurrected for other forms. It is laid down, also, that no 

 name once published shall ever be discarded on account of its impro- 

 priety. Families should invariably have the patronymic termination 

 'Hdw:' (A. J. S., (3,) V. 23, pp. 157-158.) 



As in the previous report a partial bibliography of noteworthy mem- 

 oirs and works relating to different classes of animals is supplied, and 

 will, it is hoped, prove to be of use to those to whom the voluminous 

 bibliographies and records of progress in science are inaccessible. But 

 it has been a diflSiCult matter to select the titles which might be most 

 advantageously introduced in a limited report like the present. Arti- 

 cles of a general interest or of special importance as contributing to 

 throw light on the affinities of certain groups have been given the first 

 place. Necessarily many very important papers have not been referred 

 to and very few descriptive of species have been admitted, and only 

 when unusual interest attaches to the new species or the groups which 

 they enlarge. 



The compiler desires to make special acknowledgment for most mate- 

 rial assistance to the Zoologischer Anzeiger of Professor Cams and to 

 the Journal of the Royal Microscopical Society. 



The language of the original from which the abstract is compiled is 

 generally followed as closely as the case will permit, as the advantages 

 of such a course must be obvious to all on a little reflection. It has, 

 however, been found necessary to limit the abstract to the illustration 

 of the prominent idea underlying the original memoir, and pass by the 

 proofs and collateral arguments. At the same time it has been often 

 attempted to bring the new discovery into relation with the previous 

 status of information respecting the group under consideration. As to 

 the special discoveries recorded, they have been generally selected (1) 

 on account of the modifications the forms considered force on the sys- 



