ZOOLOGY 605 



was correspondingly 11 feet 1 inch long, but the arms were shorter than 



in the A. VerriUL (Trans. New Zealand Inst., v. 14; A. J. S. (3), v. 



24, p. 477.) 



X. PROTOCHORDATES. 



TUNIC AXES. 



General. 



Delia Valle (A.). Nuove contribuzioni alia Storia naturale delle Ascidie coinposte 



del golfo di Napoli. Con 10 tav. Atti R. Accad. Lincei, (3,) Mem. CI. Fis., t. 



10, pp. 431-498. 

 McMiirrich (J. Playfair). On the origin of the so-called ''Test-cells" in the Ascidian 



ovimi. With i pi. Studies from the Biolog. Laborat. Johns Hopkins Univers., 



V. 2, pp. 147-156. 

 Seeliger (Osw.). Zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Ascidien. Eibilduug und Knos 



pnngvon Clavelina lepadiformis. Mit 3 Taf. Sitzgsber. kais. Acad.Wien, niath- 



uat. 01., 1. Abth., 85. Bd , pp. 361-413. 



Larvalia. 



Lankester (E. Ray). The Vertebration of the Tail of Appendicularice. Quart. Journ. 

 Micro.sc. Sc, v. 22, pp. 387-390. 



Taniohranchiales. 



Brooks (W. K.). On the development of the ova in SaJpa. With 1 pi. Stud. Biolog. 



Laborat. Johns Hopkins Univers., v. 2, pp. 301-313. 

 Grobben (Carl). Doliolum und sein Generationswechsel, nebst Bemerkungeu iiber 



den Generationswechsel der Acalephen, Cestoden und Trematoden. Mit 5 Taf. 



Arbeit. Zoolog. lustit. Wien., 4. Bd., pp. 201-298. 



SaccohrancMates. 



Traustedt (M. P. A.). Vestindiske Ascidia) simplices. 1. Afd. (P/(o7?«.sj<7ce) tilligemed 

 indledende BemtBrkninger om Skjterheden hosAscidiae simplices i Almendehghed. 

 (Med2tavl.) Vid. Meddel. Nat. Foren. Kjobenh., 1881, pp. 257-288. 



The tail of Synascidian larva. 



A new Synascidian generic type — DisdapUa — has been made known 

 by A. Delia Yalle, and the larva described. Inasmuch as one of the 

 most cogeut arguments in favor of the relation of the Ascidians to the 

 Protovertebrates is based on the development of a vertebrated tail 

 in the early stage, what Delia Valle has to say with reference to that 

 of Disdaplia is of general interest. The tail presents " an envelope 

 of cellulose, with amoeboid nuclei, a membrane continuous with tbe 

 ectoderm, which is formed of large, flattened epithelial cells, a contrac- 

 tile layer of fusiform cells which are transversely striated, and the axis 

 of the tail, which is more transparent than the rest, and is occupieil 

 by the hyaline cylinder, which is, according to some, a solid cartilagi- 

 nous notochord. The author, however, like some other writers, finds 

 that this axial structure is a hollow tube, the wall of which is continu- 

 ous with that of the peritoneal sac." (J. R. M. S., (2,) v. 2, p. 768, from 

 Arch. Ital. de Biol., 1882, t. 1, pp. 193-203.) 



Cycles of Tunicates. 



The cycles of development of various types of Tunicates has been 

 presented in a convenient tabular synopsis by Dr. Carl Grobben, in 



