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PAPERS RELATING TO ANTHROPOLOGY. 



Morton, c is a remarkably distorted skull from a low mound on the 

 blufls 3 miles west of Winchester. The cut accurately indicates the 

 side view, but the distortion sideways cannot be shown by a figure. 

 The top of this remarkable specimen is shown in Fig. 26, d. 



It is not pretended that this skull belonged to the same people who 

 built the Naples mounds. Indeed from the decayed condition of the 

 Naples specimens, protected as they were from moisture, we may safely 

 say that a skull buried at the same time only 3 feet below the surface 

 would have completely disappeared. Any one who has ever made aud 

 tabulated the usual measurements of half a dozen skulls must have been 

 conscious of the fact that these measurements are as inadequate as 

 wood-cuts to indicate diflerences in forms instantly recognized by the eye. 

 For example, exactly the same parietal diameter may exist in a skull 

 I)erfectly symmetrical as in one greatly distorted ; or again, exactly the 

 same occipitofrontal circumference may exist in a low, dolichocephalic 

 skull and a brachy cephalic one with elevated vertex, or the horizontal 

 circumference be identical in a round head and a long one. I have 

 figured three undoubted mound skulls and three more modern ones, and 

 below furnish a table of the most usual measurements, with but little 

 expectation that ^^hose who read this article will get any clear idea of 

 the vast difference in some of these skulls, differences which can only 

 be appreciated by examination of the skulls themselves. 



To show the great difference in a side view of two skulls, taken from 

 the same mound, the outlines of both are given in the same cut. Fig. 27. 



The dotted line represents the skull 

 marked No. 2, and the other outline, skull 

 No. 1, both from mound No. 3. For the 

 purpose of still further elucidating the var- 

 iations in these forms, the following table 

 of measurements of three of the Naples 

 mound skulls and one skull of a modern In- 

 dian is appended, the latter taken by me 

 FIG. 27. Outlines of mound crania, ^om near the the surfacc of a mound in 

 the town of Meredosia 6 miles north of Naples. 



Many writers have spoken of the soundness of teeth of the mound- 

 builders. Dr. T. S. Sozinsky* says: " The dental profession was un- 

 known to the mound-builders, and they had no need for it ; for toothache 

 and all such diseases were troubles with which they were but very little 



* "The teeth of the Mound-Builders." Dental Cosmos, vol. 20, p. 496. 



