PAPERS RELATING TO ANTHROPOLOGY. 779 



hatchee Eiver, in Townships 40 and 41, Eange 31 south and east, are 

 mounds, as I am informed by Dr. Ken worthy, of Jacksonville, and others 

 who have visited them. There are fortifications south of them in T. 42 

 S., K. 30 E. Dr. Kenworthy also locates a mound south of the Caloosa- 

 hatchee Eiver in T. 45 S., E. 26 E. Mention is made of shell banks at 

 the mouth of Manatee Eiver, Tampa Bay, in Smithsonian Eeport for 

 1866, page 357. Mr. James M. Kreamer, chief engineer of the Atlantic 

 and Gulf Coast Canal and Okeechobee Drainage Company, who has 

 lately visited the remarkable canal on the north side of the Caloosa- 

 hatchee Eiver, discribes it as a canal 4 feet deep by 10 feet wide, clearly 

 cut through the low flat pine woods, and the excavated sand and earth 

 thrown up on the sides. It starts from the upper end of Lake Flirt, 

 and runs in a northeasterly direction, in a perfectly straight line, as if 

 laid out by an engineer, to a group of large mounds situated in the pine 

 woods about 3 miles from the Caloosahatchee Eiver, and then returns 

 to the river in a southeasterly direction between Coffee Mill Island and 

 Lake Hiakpochee, inclosing a triangular area, and having a total length 

 of nearly 6 miles. Large pine trees were growing in the bottom, in 

 X)laces where there was no water. Many of these trees were as large as 

 any growing in the surrounding forest. 



Eeturning to my own discoveries, while chief engineer of the Saint 

 John's and Indian Eiver Eailroad in Florida, and engaged in locating the 

 line from Titusville to Lake Harney, I found the following mounds : 

 About half a mile from Titusville, and a quarter of a mile north of 

 the track, on the south side of the Avagon-road to Salt Lake, is a small 

 sand mound in the pine woods. It is only about 5 feet high, and per- 

 haps 15 feet in diameter at the base, and is overgrown with bushes and 

 saw palmetto. Four miles and fifty-four hundredths from the terminus 

 in Titusville, at the junction of the Salt Lake branch of the railroad, is 

 a large sand mound. The Saint John's and Indian Eiver Eailroad 

 comes round near the west side. It is about 200 feet in diameter and 

 30 feet high, almost a perfect cone. The pits from which the sand was 

 taken are plainly discernible at its base. This mound is mentioned 

 by Professor Wyman,* who opened it on the top, and found a "skeleton 

 and piece of coquina cut in the form of a turtle." Subsequent explorers 

 found two silver coins in it, which were in the possession of S. J. Fox, 

 then general manager of the Saint John & Indian Eiver Eailroad. 



The next mound is about a mile from the railroad, to the east of sta- 

 tion 160 (100 feet stations starting from " Indian Mound Station" on the 

 Salt Lake Branch Eailroad}, or about 3 miles from the junction. 



At station 284, about 5^^ miles from the junction, is a small mound on 

 Turtle Island at the head of the Salt Lake Prairie. It is situated on 

 the immediate east bank of Boggy Branch, and only about 60 feet north- 

 east from the center line of the railroad. It is a sand mound about 25 

 feet in diameter, and 5 or 6 feet high. 



* Fresh Water Shell-Mounds of the Saint John's Biver, Florida, p. 16. 



