PAPERS RELATING TO ANTHROPOLOGY. 801 



visited Trous also and found thirteen arrow-heads, a stone gouge, and a 

 broken pipe. It is probable that Mr. Josiah Paive, of Harwich Port, has 

 the best collection of Indian implements on Cape Cod, as many persons 

 have spoken of his collection. 



On the return to Hyannis Port, a methodical search was made for 

 Indian relics in the vicinity of Barnstable and Yarmouth, all along the 

 south shore of the cape, from Centreville River to Bass Eiver. With 

 the addition of a few places learned on the trip to Martha's Vineyard, 

 the following list includes all the places seen this summer, where In- 

 dian camps have been pitched : Two railroad cuts at West Truro, de- 

 scribed ; one place at WellHeet ; at Harwich Port ; along Swan Pond 

 River ; along Bass River ; at Port Gammon ; along a stream from mill 

 pond in West Yarmouth ; around Hall's Creek, at Squaw Island ; at 

 Centreville camp-meeting ground ; along Centreville River; around But- 

 termilk Bay, the head of Buzzard's ; on shore, just south of the two sta- 

 tions of Cataumet and Monument. 



The west end of Martha's Vineyard proved to be another good field, 

 for, near the base of Prospect Hill, in Chilmark, on the northeast slope, 

 close by a small stream, were found, in a spot where the surface soil 

 had been removed by floods or by the wind, great numbers of stone 

 chippings, cores, and partly fijQished or broken arrow and spear heads, 

 besides several well-defined circles of stones, blackened on the inside, 

 which had undoubtedly served as fire-places. 



Northeast of Menemsha Pond was one scattered sheU-heap, and a few 

 stone chips. Proceeding across Menemsha Bight to the Gay Head clay 

 cliffs, Mr. Flanders, the boatman, stated that one day, some years ago, 

 he found over eighty perfect arrow-heads in a bare spot over Squ- 

 bucket beach, close by the club-house. A boy named Tilton, living 

 near Prospect Hill, showed a collection of over a quart of perfect arrow- 

 heads which he had i)icked up mostly on the i)lowed fields. 



On Cape Cod shells and black earth seem to be found wherever In- 

 dians have halted long or frequently. This layer of black is usually 

 from 6 inches to 1 foot below the surface, but in one or two places it 

 was fully 2 feet deep. Bass River, Centreville River, and Buttermilk 

 Bay have the greatest shell heaps, and seem to have been settlements 

 or regular stopping-places. The shells in the heaps are usually broken 

 fine, and are often spread out thin, although, in one or two places, 

 heaps occur 1 or 2 feet thick, and covering many square yards. 



They are mostly quohoags, conchs, winkles, and clams, with very 

 few or no scallops. Camps were almost always within easy reach of 

 shoal salt water furnishing shell-fish, or between a fresji-water pond 

 and the shore, or along the widest portions of the streams. Mixed 

 with the stone chips and shells have never been found any substances 

 of metal, except two small pieces cut in the shape of arrow-heads, which 

 Professor Putnam, of the Peabody Museum, has determined to be of 

 brass. These were found at Centreville and Buttermilk Bay. The fol- 

 n. Mis. 26 51 



