426 CONTENTS. 



ILLUSTRATIONS 



Pago. 

 Pliouomeua of flight iu the animal kingcTom : 



Fig. 1. Tracings of wing-strokes of a drone and of a bee 235 



Fig. 2. Tracings of wing of a drone 235 



' Fig. 3. Tracings of wing of a wasp iu short flight 237 



Fig. 4. Aspect of a wasp 238 



Fig. 5. Tracing of wing of Macroglossa galiuni, (Bedstraw sphyns-moth) 240 



Fig. G. Trace of a Wheatstone's octavo rod 240 



Fig. 7. Tracing of wing of a wasp 241 



Fig. 8. Kepresentiug the artificial insect, or scheme of flight of insects 245 



Fig. 9. Eflect of heat on muscular contractiou 252 



Fig. 10. Skeleton of the wing and stcruum of a frigate-bird 254 



Fig. 11. Skeleton of a flamingo. 255 



Fig. 12. Skeleton of a penguin 256 



Fig. 13. Pline's apparatus 258 



Fig. 14. " " 258 



Fig. 15. " " 259 



Fig. 16. Apparatus for registering the motion of the wing of a pigeon 263 



Fig. 17. Apparatus for exhibiting the contraction of the thoracic muscles of birds 266 



Fig. 18. Myographic tracings of the pectorals 267 



Fig. 19. Electric tracing of ascent and descent of wing of the harrier 267 



Fig. 20. Difference in amplitude and frequency in wing-strokes of a pigeon 269 



Fig. 21. Tracings to express swelling of the biceps muscle 270 



Fig. 22. Trace of the action of a harrier during flight 271 



Fig. 23. Apparatus to transmit motions to a lever at a distance 273 



Fig. 24. Elastic point tracing upon smoked glass 274 



Fig. 25. Harrier flying with apparatus 275 



Fig. 26. Reprcsenl ing course of the point of the wing 276 



Fig. 27. Ellipse traced by a wheatstone's rod 277 



Fig. 28. Course iu space of the extremity of the wing 277 



Fig. 29. Apparatus for transmitting oscillations 280 



Fig. 30. Chronographic trace of a tuning-forlc, &c 282 



Fig. 31. Oscillations of the wing of a duck, harrier, &c 283 



Fig. 32. Oscillations of the wing of a harrier 282 



Remarkable hail-stones iu Georgia : 



Fig. 1. Natural size vepvesentation of hail-stone 421 



Fig. 2. Natural size representations of luiil-stone 421 



