GENERAL VIEWS ON ARCHAEOLOGY. 325 



open all the hollow hones to extract the marrow from them. Only the 

 hollow hones of ruminating animals, whose interior is separated in two 

 by a longitudinal partition do not present themselves here split in the 

 direction of their length, and in that of this partition, as is the case 

 in the Kjoekkenmoedding of Denmark. They are split irregularly and 

 in every way. Many specimens hear the mark of the instrument with 

 which the game has been cut up when it was eaten ; but we perceive 

 that these instruments were not provided with as good a cutting-edge 

 as the knives and wedges of the primitive inhabitants of Denmark. 

 The fact is that in Switzerland the fine flint of the north is not to be 

 had, it was replaced by serpentine and dioritic stone. Notwithstand- 

 ing this, the points of the piles of Moosseedorf, which show every 

 stroke of the hatchet, as if had but just been made, bear witness to the 

 skill with which the stone instrument was handled, and to the effect 

 that might be produced by means of it. We might sometimes almost 

 •believe that the strokes had been make by steel hatchets, if we did not 

 know otherwise. 



The aggregate of the instruments and utensils of Moosseedorf 1 cor- 

 respond generally with what is found in the North. We see espe- 

 cially the same stone hatchets, large and small, and again the same 

 splinters of flint. Only Switzerland, being very poor in flint adapted 

 to be worked up, the ancient splinters that one meets there, as well at 

 Moosseedorf as elsewhere, have frequently been brought from other 

 parts far distant, among others, to all appearance, from the south of 

 France. This circumstance tends to establish the fact, that there 

 already existed, in the age of stone, commercial relations between the 

 different parts of Europe. At Meilen, at the Steinberg of Bienne, and 

 at Moosseedorf, there have even been found some hacking knives and 

 wedges of a kind of nephrite, which appears to be foreign to Europe, 

 and which might very possibly have come from the East. The same 

 base occurs in other countries. Thus a tumulus in Normandy has 

 also furnished a hatchet of oriental nephrite. 2 



At Moosseedorf and at Wauwyl the layer of peat which incloses the 

 remains of the industry of the lacustrine habitations of the age of 

 stone, overlies immediately a whitish, marly, calcareous, tufous de- 

 posit, containing an abundance of palustrine shells, but without signs 

 of man, unless it be the pointing of the piles, which have often been 

 driven into this inferior deposit. 



At Moosseedorf we find besides an abundance of chisels, awls, and 

 divers pointed tools of bone, next stag horns carved, very coarse pot- 

 tery, charcoal, and finally shapeless pebbles, but which are broken in 

 such a manner as to present edges and angles, evidently indicating 

 projectiles, like those of the North. 



The same assemblage of objects is reproduced at Waugen, on Lake 

 Constance. 3 



1 Tho museum of Berne possesses a fine collection of them. Dr. Uhlmann, at Miinchen- 

 buchsee, near Berne, has also a handsome collection of them. 



-Mnnifaucon, Antiq. Expl.T. V., vol. II, p. 194. Quoted by F. Keller. Nephrite must 

 have been in great request, because it combines greathardness with agreater toughness than 

 that of silex, which shivers so easily. 



3 Collection of articles from Waugen, in the museum of Zurich, where there also found 

 series from Meilen. 



