GENERAL VIEWS ON ARCHAEOLOGY. 333 



having belonged to tliis first age of iron, presents exactly the same 

 profile as the skull of Sanderumgaard, Fig. 8. The height of the 

 Swiss skull is identically the same, and its length is also a little — 

 about five millimetres (0.2 inch) — greater than that of the Danish 

 skull. This skull from the Tiefenau is in the museum of Berne, with 

 another one of the same age, less perfect; but presenting the same 

 elongation fore and aft. 



If the cases of survival of the primitive human race are rare excep- 

 tions, it is because the introduction of the civilization of the age of 

 bronze appears to have been effected less by purely pacific intercourse 

 than by means of a great social derangement, such as we have before 

 alluded to when speaking.of the first appearance of domestic animals. 1 



We have, therefore, in the discovery of Aigle and Sion, one of these 

 clearly defined cases of an ancient population continuing to exist in 

 the mountains whilst it was disappearing in the open country, where 

 it was supplanted by new-comers. 



It may very well be, that in Europe the succession of the three ages 

 of stone, of bronze, and of iron, corresponds to the succession of three 

 distinct human races, which successively supplanted each other with- 

 out mixing or coalescing, something like what is taking place at the 

 present day in North America, where the white race is driving out the 

 red. For, if the distance that separates these two races is greater than 

 the distances that we may suppose to have existed between the races 

 that followed each other in Europe, this circumstance would be likely 

 to have been greatly compensated by the greater ferocity of manners 

 in ancient times, causing antagonisms of race sufficient to explain the 

 extermination of the ancient people by the invaders. Lastly, the 

 question is complicated by this other one not yet scientifically 

 solved, namely: that of the unity of the human species. For, accord- 

 ing to the observations of learned men of great merit, the perfectly 

 distinct types of the human races, such as the white, the red, and the 

 black, do not produce by their crosses an intermediary hybrid race, 

 which can propagate and maintain itself in virtue of its own fecundity. 



Apropos of what is going on in America at the present day, we 

 will quote the following passage, borrowed from a recently published 

 work: 2 



" Civilization as it approaches them, takes no hold of these hordes, 

 (the red men of the United States,) it drives them back, and crushes 

 out the small remnant of life which is still in them. There is near 

 Vancouver a territory where there formerly flourished a powerful 

 tribe. The plow came one day and dug its furrow in that soil hith- 

 erto untouched by the labor of man ; immediately fevers spread 

 through the district, and nearly the whole Indian population was 

 swept off. Such is the fate that civilization has in store for the red- 



1 Mr. N. G. Bruzelius has observed in Scania a similar case of a burial place of the age of 

 bronze with a skull of the type of the age of stone. Annaler for nordisk Oldkyndighed og 

 Historie. Kjoebenhavn. 



2 Paul Kane. Wanderings of an Artist among the Indians of North America: London, 

 1S59. Revue des deux Mondcs, of the 15th August, 1859. One perceives that it is an ar- 

 tist who is painting; his coloring is vivid, but it does not follow that his outlines are false. 



