FORESTS AND TREES OF FLORIDA, ETC. 441 



I also have wood and leaves of three or four other trees of South 

 Florida, which seem to be undescribed as North American, and are 

 not in Dr. Torrey's Herbarium. 



Those interested may insert in their places the following localities 

 as the southern or northern range of trees in Florida : 



Southern Limits of Northern Trees in Florida. — Cape Sable, lat. 

 about 25° 15' N.; 1 a, 4 b, 9 b, 34 a, 53 i I, 62 h; 67, 71, 72. 



Fort Dallas, lat. 25° 55'; 49 a, (44. This was perhaps cultivated, 

 as I saw it nowhere else.) 



Fort Capron, lat. 27° 30'; 8 a, 52 e, 53 m, 62 e. 



At lat. 28° 30'; 1 h, 21 d, 26, 33, 53 c q, 62 i, 68 a. On the St. 

 John's river, about Lake Monroe, appear, 10 d, 11 a, 13 a, 19 a b, 27 

 b, 37 a, 40 a, 45 d, 53 Jc. Near Lake George, lat. 29 , are first seen 

 5, 6 c, 12 c, 38 a b, 53 n, 55 b. In Alachua county, about lat. 29° 

 30' ; 17 a, 25 b, 32, 36 c, 53 t. At the St. Mary's river, forming the 

 northeastern boundary of the State, lat. 30° 25'; 1 e, 2, 3, 15 a, 29, 

 30, 56, 57. 



Northern Eange of Tropical Trees in Florida. — To New Smyrna, 

 lat. 28° 54'; 98, 100, 102 a, 105, 106, 107. To lat. 28°; 108, 113 a, 

 132. 



To Fort Dallas, and probably much further north, 3 b, 4 c, 6 e, 

 36 g, 43 b, 91, 95, 96, 97, 102 b c, 110 a, 111 b, 113 b, 117 b'c. 



The following are the heights of some Florida trees : 4 c, 30 ft. ; 91, 

 50 ft. ; 95, 60 ft. ; 6 e, 20 ft. ; 102 b c, 40 ft. ; 107, 60 ft. ; 113 a, 30 ft.; 

 b, 60 ft.; 117 b, 40 ft.; c, 30 ft. 



Instead of 48 out of 78 of the trees being evergreen in Florida, as 

 stated on page 32, my late observations show that 70 out of 108 are 

 so, or about two-thirds. 9 6c (34 a?), 67 (49?), 44 a, 52 e, 95, are 

 all the deciduous trees found south of lat. 28°, and it is doubtful 

 whether some of these do lose their leaves there. 



With regard to the distribution of its forests, Florida may be trans- 

 ferred to the group of regions "completely wooded," for there are no 

 parts of it unwooded, like the western prairies, on account of diyness. 

 The so-called "Prairies" of Florida are more properly Savannas, the 

 growth of wood being prevented by inundation. They become more 

 or less dry during the dry season, (winter,) and are then excellent 

 grazing lands. The Everglades consist, in fact, of similar savannas, 

 of lower level than those further north, and therefore almost con- 

 stantly overflowed. A gradual extension of the forest is taking place 

 along their southeastern border, as shown by the successively younger 

 trees, and this may indicate a slow rising of the land there. 



But near New Smyrna I was shown a pond with dead pines on its 

 borders of a few years' growth. Mr. Carpenter, a resident there for 

 nearly twenty years past, attributed this to the irregularity of the sea- 

 sons, several dry ones having occurred in succession, when the trees 

 grew, and then a series of very rainy years, which killed thein by inun- 

 dation. This agrees with the recorded observations of the seasons in 

 Florida, and I have no doubt is the true explanation. 



Note. — It is scarcely necessary to observe that the range of trees here given is their natural 

 range only. The extension of this by cultivation may form the subject of a subsequent 

 paper, and facts relating thereto will be gladly received. 



