ANTHROPOLOGY. 393 



Dr. Holmes on the distribution of tlie race, in the transactions of the 

 Academy of Science of Saint Louis. Prof. Gabriel de Mortillet, in his 

 Precurseurs de Vhomme^ inchnes to the opinion that a rude, stone imple- 

 ment-using- race of apes may have preceded man, and, therefore, that the 

 flaked flints from the l^ertiary could have been in use by these precursors 

 of man. The pedigree of man is also discussed in the iJublications of 

 Letoui'neau, Nadaillac, Parker, Perier, Eadcliffe, Eamon, Vaughn, and 

 Ward. The most important work that has appeared upon the subject 

 in our country is Professor Winchell's "Preadamites-" The title of the 

 volume is rather ill-chosen, for the reason that it is both misleading 

 and too narrow. In addition to defendiug the view that the biblical 

 record relates mainly to the Semitic peoples, and that the man of archaeo- 

 logy is almost outside of its purview, Dr. Winchell has gone over the 

 ground of ethnic distribution with great care, and presents a very clear 

 statement of the present condition of the inquiry. 



II. — Archeology. 



Great activity has characterized the archaeologists during the year. 

 In the United States the subject is fostered in many ways. The Smith- 

 sonian Institution and the National Museum, co-operating, have their col- 

 lectors and correspondents in every State and Territory where aboriginal 

 relics and remains exist. The Bureau of Ethnology, lately organized 

 under Maj. J. W. Powell, has rendered very eflicient aid among the Pue- 

 blos. Institutions in the States are liaidly less energetic in the work. 

 In Massachusetts, the Archaeological Institute of Boston, the Peabody 

 Museum of Cambridge, and the American Antiquarian Society have all 

 put on record labors of permanent value, as will be seen in the appended 

 list of works. The American Museum in New York is now the rei)Ository 

 of Mr. Terry's collection of American antiquities, besides several others 

 illustrating savages in various parts of the world. The Philosophical 

 Society of Philadelphia and the Academy of Natural Sciences publish 

 occasional papers. In Ohio the Western Eeserve Society at Cleveland, 

 the Cincinnati Society, and the Madisonville Society are actively engaged 

 in exiflorations. The last-named body have published in pamphlet form 

 a detailed account of one of the most thorough investigations everiuade 

 in American archaeology. The State geologist of Indiana includes in 

 all his reports an account of mound explorations made during the year. 

 The same is true of the Wisconsin and the Minnesota Historical Society. 



The Davenport Academy in Iowa and the Saint Louis Academy in 

 Missouri are among the most active of our State societies. 



The activity in the study of archaeology does not end her e. The rage 

 for antiquities among rich gentlemen, both east and west, has put a high 

 value upon aboriginal relics, and there are many archaeological treasures 

 in these private museums. It is a cause of regret, however, that this 

 cupidity for relics has started up the race of Fhnt Jacks to flood the 

 country with worthless counterfeits. 



