VULCfAXOLOGY AND SEISMOLOGY. 299 



that is, those which correspond to the numbers iii to x of tlio Rossi 

 Forel scale. The lists occapy about 400 octavo ])ages and are ])re- 

 ceded by a brief separate notice of the more imi>ortant .shocks. 



Prof. J. P. O'Reilly, of Dublin, has followed his catalogue of British 

 earthquakes (1884) by a similar catalogue of " Earthquakes recorded as 

 having occurred in Europe and adjacent countries." The British cata- 

 logue was referred to in the summary for 1884. The present list is 

 based mainly on those of Mallet, Perrey, and Fuchs, and aims to give 

 for each of the localities, arranged in alphabetical order, the number of 

 recorded earthquake shakes, with their dates and condensed indications 

 of the area affected. It forms a quarto volume of 220 pages. Owing to 

 the difSculty of making any numerical estimate of intensity, especially 

 with reference to shocks in past years, of which no suiScient details are 

 now available, that element has been omitted in i)reparing this list, and 

 it represents only the 9tM?n&er of recorded earthquakes, the unit adopted 

 being the "shock." The earthquake map of Europe, for which this list 

 is intended to be the basis, has not yet appeared, but will be prepared 

 in due time. 



" Observations on the Volcanic Eruptions and Earthquakes in Ice- 

 land," byG. H. Boehmer, has been printed by the Smithsonian Institu- 

 tion from advance sheets of the Report for 1885. The first nineteen 

 pages of this pamphlet are translated and condensed from a history by 

 Th. Thoroddsen and describe the location of the active volcanoes. It 

 is stated that "volcanic eruptions appear to be confined to two locali- 

 ties, one in the south of the island, running- from southwest to north- 

 east, and the other in the north, running from south to north." The 

 volcanoes which have been active within historic times are classified 

 geographically. into eight g:roups, and under these headings they are 

 described at some length. There follows a chronological and descrip- 

 tive list of volcanic eruptions and earthquakes, beginning with Katla, 

 about 900 A. I)., and coming down to 1879. About twenty localities 

 are named where eruptions have occurred. Of the large volcanoes 

 Hecla has the first place with twenty-one eruptions. After it come Katla 

 with twelve or thirteen, the Eldeyjar, near Reykjaues, with ten, and the 

 Trolladyngja with six. The earthquakes are in evident connection 

 with the volcanic activity. The remainder of the pamphlet, about 28 

 pages, is occupied with a valuable bibliograi)hy of the volcanoes, earth- 

 quakes, and geysers of Iceland, founded on a similar list b}^ Thoroddsen 

 but much extended by Mr. Boehmer. It names fifty-eight manuscripts, 

 besides the numerous books and articles in jonruals. 



In studying the slight earthquakes of Januarys and 17, 1886, in 

 southern New Hampshire, W. M. Davis prepared ( Appalachia, iv, 190), 

 from the data in Rockwood's lists an outline map showing the areas in 

 Isew England affected by earthqnakesfrom 1872 to 1884, from which it 

 appears that southern New Hampshire is the most frequently disturbed 

 region. Professor Davis's detailed study of these shocks also confirms 



