660 ANTHROPOLOGICAL PAPERS. 



Other tribes kept coming every day or two for two weeks, and the 

 reception was much like that already described. Generally, they were 

 met 2 or 3 miles before reaching their destination by some of the Twa- 

 nas, who learned their wishes about landing and directed preparations 

 to be made accordingly, and commonly they brought some presents of 

 cloth, food, and money and danced and sung, but a few landed without 

 any ceremony. When they had all arrived it was estimated that there 

 were from a thousand to twelve hundred present, comprising, besides 

 those already mentioned, Skwaksiuo, Nisqually, and Port Madison In- 

 dians and a few from the Snohomish, Lummi, and Puyallup reservations. 



They who lived farthest off had come a distance of about 150 or 175 

 miles, but these had relations by marriage among the givers of the pot- 

 latch. Generall}^ the evenings were occupied with dancing of some 

 kind, either serious or comic. Frequently one whole evening was al- 

 lotted to the dancing of one tribe. These dances were accompanied 

 ■with drumming, singing, and clapping of hands. In dancing they 

 jumped up and down, sometimes joining hands in a circle, and some- 

 times each one dancing singly, jumping the whole length of the house. 

 At times the men alone danced, and again the women joined them, 

 generally having a part of the circle to themselves. Once almost all 

 joined in the dance, having green branches in their hands. On this 

 occasion they danced at one time without progression, and at another 

 time they moved around from one end of the house to the other. The 

 Klallams gave one dance, difficult to describe, in which men only par- 

 ticipated. In this a leader, j^ainted, with eagle wings and feathers 

 dangling from his head, and arrayed in a long blanket, played very 

 curious antics with contortions of his neck, hands, and entire body, 

 while the rest stood near him, jumping up and down to their music, and 

 afterwards all dressed in striped shawls and blankets, danced the whole 

 length of the floor Avith many absurd maneuvers. I think this was a 

 war dance. One dance was said to be in memory of a deceased child, 

 after which presents were made by friends of the child to some of the 

 Twanas. Thus almost every evening was occupied from the time of the 

 arrival of the lirst until the close of the affair, a period of three weeks. 



There was more or less gambling during the day-time and occasionally 

 at night, but few, comparatively, being engaged in it at any one time. 

 Sometimes the gambling was accompanied by music. Once it was said 

 there was a bet on a game of $200 in money, together with several horses 

 and guns, but the parties played until 6 o'clock in the morning and then 

 stopped, neither iiarty winning. 



Generally they gambled with disks, but sometimes with the pairs of 

 bones or cards already described. There are said to be professional 

 gamblers among them who visit such gatherings, without an invitation, 

 in order to ply their avocation. 



There was much of tamanous in connection with the dancing, and 

 one evening was wholly occupied in a tamanous over a sick woman and 

 child. There was some of this in the day-time also, 



