674 ANTHROPOLOGICAL PAPERS. 



Sacred legends. — They have a distinct tradition of the flood which I 

 modify a little from the one given in Eells on the Tvvanas : " The flood 

 was sent because the people were wicked, and it overflowed all the 

 land except one mountain. The people fled in their canoes to the high- 

 est mountain in their country — in the Olympic range — and as the water 

 rose above it they tied their canoes with long ropes made of cedar limbs 

 to the highest tree ; but the water rose above them. While they were 

 there some of the canoes broke from their fastenings and floated away, 

 so far that they never returned, which accounts for a few being left in 

 the tribe (Twanas) now." 



Ecclesiastical organization. — Medicine men are numerous, and are 

 feared because of the power they are supposed to have with spirits. 

 They demand large fees, and sometimes in advance, for healing the 

 sick. If the medicine man does not consider the amount oflered suffi- 

 cient, he will do nothing until enough is given to satisfy him 5 but if he 

 fails to heal he gets nothing, and sometimes has to pay the relations of 

 the deceased for his failure. He also receives pay for other work he is 

 supposed to do, such as making a person sick at the request of an 

 enemy. The calling is conflned to the men among the Twanas ; but at 

 a Twana potlatch a Skwaksin woman acted as doctress, and there is 

 at least one medicine woman among the Klallams at Elkwa. 



There are no rain makers; but at Eneti there is on the reservation 

 an irregular basaltic rock about 3 feet 4 inches in diameter and 1^ feet 

 high. On one side there has been hammered a face, said to be the face 

 of the thunder bird, which could also cause storms. The two eyes are 

 about G inches in diameter and the nose about 9 inches long. It is said 

 to have been made a long time ago by a man who felt very badly and 

 went and sat on the rock and with another stone hammered out the 

 eyes and nose. For a long time they believed that if the rock was 

 shaken it would cause rain; because the shaking made the thunder 

 bird angry. They have now about lost faith in it, sjo much so that 

 about two years ago they formed a boom of logs around it, many of 

 which struck it. That season was stormy and many of the older Indians 

 said "No wonder, as the rock is shaken all of the time." It is qu the 

 beach facing the water where it is flooded at high tide, and the impres- 

 sion is being gradually worn away by the waves. 



Finding tamanous. — The first thing for a young man to do in the way 

 of a sacred rite is to get his tamanous. In order to accomplish this I 

 am told that a father would send his son into the woods a long way 

 from home, where he was not allowed to eat or drink during a period 

 of from ten to thirteen days, though he was allowed to bathe often and 

 keep up a good fire. At last his tamanous revealed itself to him in the 

 shape of some animal, either a bird or beast, which was afterwards 

 sacred to him. They think that ordinarily such fasting would kill a 

 man, but that he is kept alive by his tamanous. 



Using tamanous. — After this the Indian tamauouses for what he wishes 



