SAVAGE WEAPONS AT THE CENTENNIAL EXHIBITION. 287 



i=±- 



Fig. 137.— Iron arrow-heads of Angola, Africa. 



of ostrich-bone socket in the reed-shaft of the arrow. In some cases the 

 weapon consists of as many as five parts; a piece of ivory on the end of 

 the section of reed and holding the iron point, which is daubed with 

 poison. In each case the glutinous poison holds the iron tip, and the 

 latter conies off in the wound. The poison is either from the putrified 

 cocoons of an insect, the 'Jcaa or ngwa, of Livingstone, from the poison 

 gland of the puff-adder, or from the Euphorbia arbor escens. The arrows 

 are carried in a neat quiver of bark sewed with sinew. The bow and 

 quiver are slipped 

 into a small buck- 

 skin, the neck of 

 which is tightly 

 bound round the 

 bottom of the 

 quiver, while the 

 legs serve as belts 

 to swing it over 

 the shoulders. The 

 quiver also contains 

 the fire-stick and 

 sucking-tube of the 

 bushman. 



The Kafir does not use the bow and arrow, although he suffers from 

 the poisoned arrows of the bosjesman and fears their effects. The Kafir 

 weapons are the assegai and kerrie; that is, javelin and club. 



The Angola arrows, Fig. 137, have heads of steel on reed-shafts. The 

 metal is obtained of very good quality by native methods. Their spear 

 and javelin heads for thrusting and throwing are likewise tipped with 

 steel. The arrow-heads shown in Fig. 137 are bound to the shafts with 

 raw hide, grass, or ratan. The arrow-head (a) is like one form of the 

 bosjesman arrow, in which the base of the triangular steel piece is in ad- 

 vance. 



The poisoned arrows of the Zambesi 212 and Mozambique countries are 

 made in two pieces, after the same general plan of those of the bushman 

 of the south. The iron barb is fastened to a wand of wood 10 inches 

 long, which slips into a reed shaft. The wood below the arrow-head is 

 smeared with the poison, and both the barb and the stick remain in the 

 wound while the reed drops off. The poison is obtained from a species 

 of stroplianthus. The bow of the Zambesi Maravi 213 is intended toactas a- 

 shield as well, being from 6 to 8 inches broad, and used in parrying thrusts. 



A Central African quiver brought by Long Ley i« shown in Fig. 138. 

 Like that of the Gold Coast it is of wood bound witli leather, and lias 

 tassels of the same. A sheathed knife is attached to the quiver. The 

 Niam-niams, 214 on the extreme upper waters of the Nile, do not use the 

 bow and arrow. The Monbuttoo, 21 '' immediately south of them, on the 



212 Livingstone's "Zambesi," pp. 109, 491. 

 213 Ibid., p. 583. 



'-"Scliweinfurth's "Africa," vol. ii, p. 9. 

 ^■Ibid., vol. ii, pp. 103, 111. 



