MOUNDS NEAR QUINCY, ILLINOIS, AND IN WISCONSIN. 341 



might call it, and found nothing; the other in' the circular head of the 

 mound, and at the depth of less than two feet found the badly-decayed 

 skeleton of a human being, which had evidently been placed in the 

 mound long- after its construction, as the earth still showed signs of 

 having been disturbed, and the remains were buried much nearer the 

 surface than is usual in mound burial about here. 



About one fourth of a mile east of these again, on the property of Mr. 

 J. Bowen, is a long mound at right angles to the lake shore, and 100 

 feet in length ; also an animal-shaped mound 95 feet long. 



Besides these there are circular and irregular shaped mounds in great 

 abundance on Mr. Bowen's place, several of which have been opened, 

 and, so far as I can learn, nothing of interest found in them. And this 

 brings us again to the land of Professor Kenaston, on which is the 

 beaver mound and corn-field above spoken of. 



These embrace nearly all the mounds on the shores of Green Lake, all 

 of which are situated at its eastern end. Many of them have been opened, 

 but in none except the one from which I obtained the recent skeleton 

 have relics of any kind been found, so far as I can learn. There are 

 still a few — twelve, I think — at the northern and western end of the lake, 

 in sections 3, 4, 9, township of Dayton, Green Lake County, which we 

 have not as yet found opportunity to examine carefully. 



MOODS NEAR QUINCY, ILLINOIS, AND IN WISCONSIN. 



By William Gildeut Anderson, of Quincy, III. 



In the vicinity of Quincy, 111., along the banks of the Mississippi 

 Biver, there are numbers of burial mounds of unusual size and beauty, 

 made with wonderful precision, and varying in height from 5 to 30 

 feet. These are all circular, no animal mounds being found in this 

 neighborhood. They are built on high prominent land overlooking 

 the river, while on the opposite side, in Missouri, there are none. Ex- 

 cavations were made during the years 1S7.">, '70, and '77, and over fifty 

 mounds were opened, all built alter the following plan: first, the. 

 ground was trampled down firmly, then the body was placed in its 

 position; a layer of fine sand was thrown over the body, upon which 

 was built a tire, remains of which are now found in the shape of char- 

 coal; over this were three successive layers of gravel, sand, and line 

 gravel mixed with dirt. In smaller mounds there are two layers, one 

 of dirt and the other of sand. The sand corresponds to the river sand, 

 and was brought a distance of three miles. Near the <'<\ , j;(' of the mounds 

 are found the skeletons of Indians who were buried later than the mound- 

 builders. As many as thirty skeletons have been taken from one mound. 

 They are buried without any apparent system, being merely thrown in 

 and covered up. The skulls of these Indians have foreheads averaging 



