424 KEPORT ON NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1886. 



-amount of stone aunually for railroad construction along the line of the 

 Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad. The same rock occurs 

 iilong- the ISfew York, Ontario, and Western Railroad from Pompton to 

 franklin, and at several points its outcrops hav^e been opened for 

 stone. The Sussex and Central Railroad lines also cross the rock. A 

 large quarry was opened a few years ago near Franklin, on the mount- 

 ain east of the village, but the place, though promising, was soon 

 abandoned. The stone was adapted for heavy work. The transporta- 

 tion appeared to be too expensive for it to comi)ete with stone coming 

 by water routes."* 



Fcnnsylvania. — Although ranking as second in importance in che list 

 of stone-producing States, Pennsylvania furnishes very little in the way 

 of granitic rock, and absolutely nothing in this line of more than local in- 

 terest. ''The southern gneissic district, described in the geological re- 

 Ijorts of Pennsylvania as ranging from the Delaware River at Trenton 

 to the Susquehanna, south of the State line and lying south of the 

 limestone valley of Montgomery, is the district in which are located 

 nearly all the quarries of gneiss in the State, and those furnishing most 

 of the material are in the vicinity of Philadelphia." The rock, which 

 is for the most part a dark-gray hornblende gneiss, is quarried at Ritten- 

 housetown, Twenty-lirst ward, and Germautown, Twenty-second ward, 

 and Jenkinstown, in Montgomery County, and is used principally for the 

 rough work of foundations in the near vicinity. In Chester, Delaware 

 County, the gneiss bears mica in place of horublende and is, as a rule, 

 lighter in color. The quarries are in close proximity to the Delaware 

 River, which affords an easy method of transportation to Philadelphia, 

 the principal market. This stone is also used almost wholly for foun- 

 dations, though in some cases it has been used as rock-faced work in 

 the fronts of private dwellings, with rather a pleasing effect. 



Rhode Island. — The granites of this State are nearly all fine-grained 

 light gray or pink biotite granites, the principal quarries of which arc 

 situated some 2 miles east from Westerly, in Washington County. The 

 rock is of fine and even texture and of excellent quality, and is much 

 used for monumental work and general building. Other quarries of 

 biotite granite occur at Smithfield, West Greenwich, Newi)ort, and 

 Kiantic. A greenish, fine gray, hornblendic gneiss is quarried at Dia- 

 mond Hill, in Providence County. Aside from the Westerlj^ rock the 

 most of this material is for local market only. 



Tennessee. — At the present time scarcely anj'thing in the line of gra- 

 nitic rock is quarried in this. State, and owing to the limited areas occu- 

 pied by granite ledges it is more than doubtful if the granite quarrying 

 ever assumes any great importance. SuuiU outcrops of granite, gneiss, 

 or mica schist occur in the extreme eastern and southern parts of Polk, 

 Monroe, Cocke, Washington, Carter, and Johnson Counties, in the east- 

 ern part of the State, but even these are not in all cases suitable for 

 * Aua. Kep. uf Statt? treologist of New Jersey, 1886, px^. 41-45i. 



