REPORT OF THE SECRETARY. 69 



plete in this particular line of any single one so far made in this coun- 

 try. 



During the year nearly five thousand specimens were collected. The 

 data obtained bearing on the questions relating to the origin and uses 

 of the ancient monuments of North America, and the habits, customs, 

 and culture-status of the people who constructed them, are very impor- 

 tant, and will throw much additional light on these interesting prob- 

 lems. The number of whole and uninjured vessels of clay collected 

 by Messrs. Middleton, Thing, and Norris is much larger than that of 

 the preceding year, and is very valuable on account of the new and un- 

 usual types obtained. The collection of copper implements and orna- 

 ments is also large and valuable. 



Although the pottery obtained by Dr. Palmer in Early County, 

 Georgia, is in fragments, it is of special value, as it serves, when com- 

 pared with that of the region of Flint Eiver and other sections, to show 

 that this southern region was occupied by a people varying, in some 

 respects at least, from those of the other portions of the South. 



Collections from IStone Villages. — Ethnologic and archaeologic re- 

 searches among the Pueblo Indians, and ancient ruins in the south- 

 western Territories, were extensively prosecuted during the year, Mr. 

 James Stevenson, in charge of a party, proceeded to Arizona and New 

 Mexico to examine special localities and make collections of objects 

 illustrating the arts and industries of the Indian tribes of that region. 

 The labors of this party resulted in a collection of about eight thousand 

 five hundred specimens of pottery, stone, and other domestic implements, 

 both ancient and modern, representing nearly all phases of life, art, and 

 industry among those tribes. A portion of Mr. Stevenson's party, in 

 charge of Mr. F. D. Beckford, made explorations among the ruins of 

 Chaco Canon in Northwestern New Mexico, Caiion de Chelly and some 

 of its branches, the cliff dwellings in Walnut Canon in Arizona, and a 

 group of cave dwellings near Flagstaff in the same Territory, the re- 

 sults of which are full notes, sketches, and photographic illustrations 

 of the ruins examined. The remainder of this party was divided ; one 

 party was stationed at the pueblo of Acoma, in charge of Mr. Garlick, 

 and the other at Zuiii in New Mexico. The party at Acoma made a 

 collection of about three thousand five hundred specimens, consisting 

 of pottery and domestic utensils of other material, such as stone, hoca, 

 bone, wood, and woven fabrics. The collection from the pueblo of 

 Acoma, though not embracing so great a variety of objects, will, how- 

 ever, illustrate nearly all the phases of the arts anil industrial pursuits 

 of those Indians. 



The collection made at Zufii, under Mr. Stevenson's personal super- 

 vision, is much larger than any heretofore obtained from that section 

 of the Southwest, and includes many interesting objects, illustrative 

 of their outdoor ceremonies, such as sacred spring, cave and shrine 

 worship, also a large number of water-color sketches illustrating many 



