798 PAPERS RELATING TO ANTHROPOLOGY. 



Fig. 128. A two-beaked blade of blackish-drab color, and perfectly 

 smooth. The lines of this specimen are everywhere bold and graceful. 

 The slender beaks, high crests, and other characteristics are very taste- 

 fully combined. 



Length, 5^o inches ; width of edge, 2-i% inches. 



Pig. 129. A massive two-beaked blade of mottled, marble-colored 

 stone. The distinguishing feature is the ridged, seal-like depression 

 between the beaks. 



Length, 11^^ inches ; width, 6^o inches. 



VII. HAMMERS, GRINDERS, AND POLISHERS. 



In most archaeological collections a series of implements are brought 

 together under the titles given above. The idea or concept is that 

 pounding, grinding, rolling or mulliug-food, paint, incense, wedges, or 

 human heads, are jirocesses that have no broad dividing lines. Indeed, 

 among a people so highly civilized as the ancient Antilliaus a great 

 variety of such operations would be performed. Mr. im Thurn thinks 

 that since these people were mainly cassava eaters they had little need 

 of mills. True, but grinding is not confined to food even. The Haida 

 and Thlinkit Indians make beautifid mortars and pestles to grind a 

 native tobacco into snuff, and to inilverize dried fish. The Pueblos 

 use grinders for corn and wild seeds, for paint, and to grind up de- 

 graissant for their pottery. The innumerable uses of hammers will 

 occur to every one. The order followed in the description is almost 

 arbitrary, the prevailing motive being to proceed from less to greater 

 completeness. 





