SKETCH OF FLINT RIDGE, LICKING COUNTY, OHIO. 851 



respoudingly greater dimensions. In some places the height from tbe 

 bottom of the ditch to the top of the wall is fully 8 feet. Unlike No. 1, 

 this has only four gateways or entrances. These look northeast, north- 

 west, southeast, and vsouthwest, and being located with great regular 

 ity with reference to the peculiar shape of the fort, the two at the east- 

 ern or smaller end are much nearer together than the other two. The 

 one looking southwest is much wider than the others, and was probably 

 the main entrance. The ground within the inclosed area is quite un- 

 even, rising in the southern part considerably higher than the parapet. 

 As far as I know, but my search was not very extended, there is no 

 water in the immediate vicinity. Pine trees equal in size to those men- 

 tioned in connection with the other fort have been cut on the walls of 

 this, the stumps of which are still to be seen. 



1^0 mounds, graves or other remains, have been found in connection 

 with these forts. Doubtless, when the country comes to be cultivated, 

 flint arrow-heads and stone hatchets will make their appearance. 



The measurements given above may not be minutely accurate, as I 

 worked alone and without instruments, except such as I could improvise 

 for the occasion in addition to a pocket compass. The general features 

 of the works, however, as given, are substantially correct. 



Residents of the vicinity asserted that there were mounds near the 

 river, several miles below. 



A SKETCH OF FLINT RIDGE, LICKING COUNTY, OHIO. 



By Charles M. Smith, of New Madison, Ohio. 



The great numbers of flint implements, such as arrow, lance, and 

 spear heads, drills, knives, scrapers, &c., which are found scattered 

 through all parts of the country, frequently lead to inquiry as to the 

 sources whence so great an amount of material may have been pro- 

 cured. 



Under the general name of "flint," in this connection, are included 

 various forms of siliceous stone, such as chalcedony, jasper, hornstone, 

 chert, basanite, and even some forms of quartz that have no resemblance 

 to flint. 



The sources of supply are widespread ; but before touching upon this 

 part of the subject it will, perhaps, be well to give a short resumS of 

 the different theories in regard to the manner in which is accumulated 

 the material forming the beds, though geologists have not yet suc- 

 ceeded in settling this vexed question. 



Quartz or silica, in its various forms, is one of the most abundant of 

 the minerals forming the earth's crust. Hard (easily scratching glass), 

 infusible, not affected by acids, it survives, unchanged, agencies that 



