REPORT OF THE SECRETARY. 35 



tut ion. OflicerH of the Army jLud Navy, with the exceptional oiiportnnities now 

 afforded them, liave also been doing some excellent work for the Museum, especially 

 in the Philippine Islands. In this connection mention should likewise be made of 

 the important explorations which Dr. "W. L. Abbott, of Philadelphia, has been car- 

 rying on for several years in the East Indies entirely at his own expense, the results 

 being generously donated to this Institution. The latter comprise large collections 

 in zoology and ethnology, whose value is enhanced by the fact of their coming from 

 a region hitherto scari-ely represented in any museum in the world. The field work 

 engaged in during the year by members of tlie Museum staff was as follows: 



j\Ir. W. H. Holmes, head curator of anthropology, visited Indian Territury and 

 Missouri, in the former investigating an interesting dej)Osit (jf flint implements and 

 Ijone utensils associated with the remains of extinct and recent mammals at Afton, 

 and an ancient chert c^uarry on the Peoria Indian Reservation, and in the latter 

 examining near Kimmswick an extensive deposit of fossil mammals in w liich human 

 remains were said to occur, and an ancient village site containing stone imjilements 

 and iwttery. The investigations begun by Dr. Walter Hough in Arizona, in June, 

 1901, were continued through the summer, in conjunction with Mr. Peter G. Gates, of 

 Pasadena, Cal., and chiefly at the expense of the latter. An archaeological section 

 was made on a north and south line from Fort Apache to Moki, a distance of al)Out 

 180 miles, and a large amount of material was obtained. Ethnographical work 

 was also done among the Apache, Navajo, and Ilnpi Indians, and two new groups of 

 ruins north ot Holbrook were mapped. 



Mr. W. H. Ashmead, who accompanied an expedition of the Enited States Fish 

 Commission to the Hawaiian Islands in IMay, lUOl, for the purpose of making col- 

 lections of insects and of studying the insect fauna of these new possessions, returned 

 late in the summer with an important lot of material. Mr. B. S. Bowdish, formerly 

 of the Enited States Army in Porto Pico, was employed for about seven months in 

 ])rocuring zoological specimens, chieflj- birds, in Porto Rico, in eastern Cuba, and on 

 Mona Island. ■Mr. C. E. Pollard and Mr. William Palmer accompanied Di'. Edward 

 Palmer, of the Department of Agriculture, in the spring of 1902 on an expedition to 

 eastern Cu))a, wliere they obtaine<l an interesting collection of plants, birds, bats, 

 insects, and marine invertebrates. 



The station of the Cabot Steam Whaling C'ompany, on the south coast of New- 

 foundland, was visited during tlie sunnner of 1901 by Dr. Frederick W. True, who 

 made a special study of the sulpluir-bottom whales, obtained many photographs, and 

 arranged for the itreparation and shipment to Washington of the skeleton of a large 

 whale. In a collecting trip to Colorado, Dr. IE G. Dyar, in company with ]Mr. 

 A. N. Caudell, of the Department of Agriculture, secured some 10,000 specimens of 

 Eepidoptera, and Mr. E. A. Schwarz made in Arizona, at his own expense, a very 

 large collection of insects. Two months, during the si)ring of 1902, were spent in 

 southern Ilhnois by Mr. Robert Ridgway, in the interest of the Division of Birds. 

 Botanical explorations were carried on in Central America during the sunnner of 

 1901 l)y ]Mr. J. N. Rose, assisted by Mr. Robert Hay, of Washington. 



Important collections were made by Mr. Charles Schuchert of Helderbergian 

 fossils in New York and of Cretaceous fossils in New Jersey. Mr. F. AV. Crosby 

 obtained for the Museum a remarkably flne series of i)ot holes from the basalt rocks 

 near Snake River Falls, Idaho. 



Exchanges. — The use of its dui)licate specimens in effecting exchanges witii other 

 scientiflc establishments and with individuals was recognized by the act founding 

 the Institution as an important means of increasing the collections of the Smitlisonian 

 Museum, and so it has proved to be during the more than fifty yeais that tlic prac- 

 tice has been followed. The amount of material involved in each transaction ranges 

 from one or a few specimens to collections of considerable size, wlnle the ecjuivalent 



