REPORT OF THE SECRETARY. 43 



and Oregon. In the ft)rnier State hi' made a full record of the local Sho^^honi dialect, 

 and in the latter he made a 2)artjal collection of the lexic and granuuatic material of 

 the Wasko and Pinte languages. Under similar guidance, ]Mr. William Jones made a 

 critical study of the Muskwaki language in Iowa and Indian Territory; and Dr. 

 Roland B. Dixon recorded the languages of the Maidu and other tribes of north- 

 eastern California under the auspice^s of the American Museum of Natural History, 

 but with an arrangement (noted elsewhere) b}- which the material is available in 

 the Bureau work. 



On September 25 Prof. W. II. Holmes, of the National JNIuseum, and ^Ir. De Lancey 

 Gill, of the Bureau, repaired, under the auspices of the Bureau, to northeastern 

 Indian Territory for the purpose of examining a spring reported by a correspondent 

 to contain abundant bone and flint implements associated with bones of both 

 modern and extinct animals. They were successful in obtaining (1) the finest collec- 

 tion of mammoth teeth thus far made in America; (2) one of the finest collections 

 of mastodon teeth ever made, and (3) the most striking collection of chipped arrow 

 points, lance hea<ls, and knives thus far made in a single locality in this country. 

 They verified the reported association and were able to identify the spot as an 

 aboriginal shrine to which the attention of the a1)origines was i)robably directed by 

 the gigantic teeth and bones of extinct animals, and at which sacrifices were made 

 through several generations. During the same trip they visited Kinunswick, Mo. , 

 where also human relics are reported to occur in association with l)ones of extinct 

 animals. Toward the close of the year Professor Holmes again visited this locality, 

 and, with the assistance of Mr. Gerard Fowke, made a considerable colle(;tion for 

 preservation in the Museum. 



In November Dr. Robert Stein returned from a two years' absence in Ellesmere- 

 land and northern Greenland, where, inider facilities afforded by the Bureau, he 

 obtained ethnologic data of interest relating to the northern Eskimo, or "Arctic 

 Highlanders." Besides a small objective collection designed for preservation in the 

 ^Museum, he brought in the words and music of several songs which serve to estab- 

 lish the existence of an archaic language among these people, and at the same time 

 to demonstrate for the first time, and despite a prevailing opinion to the contrary, 

 the existence of a fiducial cult among them. 



Under a special arrangement. Miss Alice C. Fletcher visited Oklahoma early in 

 the fiscal year for the purpose of verifying and extending her records of certain 

 Pawnee rituals designed for publication by the Bureau. Later she employed certain 

 aged Pawnee Indians to recite the ancient rituals in such manner as to permit the 

 making of phonographic and other records. Her efforts have resulted in unique 

 contril)utions to knowledge of the esoteric customs connected with human sacrifice 

 and other rites in pre-Columbian times and still surviving in emblematic form. A 

 part of the material has been incorporated in a monograph on the Hako ritual, form- 

 ing part of the Twenty-second Annual Report. Also under a special arrangement, 

 Dr. Willis E. Everette sent in useful records concerning the Athapascan tribes of 

 Alaska. 



During the earlier part of the year Mr. O. P. Phillips was employed temporarily 

 in making motion pictures representing the industries, anmsements, and ceremonies 

 of the Pueblo and other tribes in New Mexico and Arizona. The object of the work 

 was to obtain absolutely trustworthy records of aboriginal activities for the use of 

 future students as well as for the verification of current notes on fiducial dances and 

 other ceremonies. Despite accidents to the apparatus, the work was fairly success- 

 ful, yielding about a dozen kinetoscoi)e ribl)ons in addition to about a hundred 

 excellent i^hotographs made by Mr. Phillips in connection with the motion pictures. 

 The apparatus was kindly furnished in the interests of science by the Armat Moving 

 Picture Company, of Washington. 



