THE WILD TRIBES OF THE MALAY PENINSULA. 405 



often approaches a light shade of 3"ellowish-brown, whereas among 

 th(> Tamils black skins commonly occur. Professor Virchow meets 

 this difficulty by pointings out that the Sinhalese of Ceylon, although 

 admittedly Aryans, are frequently so dark in color as to be called 

 quite black. 



This point let authorities decide; all that can be said at present is 

 that it appears an eminently sane and arguable hypothesis; and that 

 it seems to have already found some acceptance. If it is correct, we 

 may perhaps suppose that these aboriginal Dravidians once extended 

 far north into Indo-China and there acquired the dialects of the local 

 (Mon-Annam) tri]>es. an idea about which there is at least nothing- 

 fantastic. 



The third racial group to which I have referred consists of the 

 Jakuns, an aboriginal race closely related to the Malay, and which, in 

 its pure type, possesses markedly Mongolian features. They belong- 

 to what the Germans would call the "Ur-Malay'"' race, but which we, 

 in the absence of any such convenient prefix, are constrained to call 

 by some such clumsy substitute as Pr{\?-Malay or Proto-Malay — the 

 "savage Malays" of Alfred Russell Wallace. The simplest name to 

 give them is perhaps ''Malayan." 



This ''savage Malav" or Jakun race, or whatever we prefer to call 

 it, is divided into two main groups, (1) the Jakuns of the Jungle, or 

 Hill Jakuns, and (2) the Jakuns of the Sea, or Orang Laut. The lat- 

 ter set of tribes now consist of the broken reumants of the Pirates or 

 Sea-gypsies of the Straits of Malacca, who for so many years were 

 the scourge and terror of those far eastern seas. 



From what 1 have said it will, I think, l)e evident how important 

 are the issues which may depend for solution upon our proper stud}^ 

 of these tribes. Before closing- these notes on the general relation- 

 ship })etween these three races and their neighbors. I will therefore 

 give a few more details concerning each of the several types described. 



The physical contrast between all three races is most fortunately 

 sharply drawn. 



The men of the first -mentioned race (Semang or Negritos) are about 

 4: feet 9 or 10 inches in height, their women being a])out 8^ inches 

 .shorter. The color of their skin is very dark brown or black. Among 

 the purest-])red Semangs 1 have seen it a glossy jet black, not unlike 

 the color ascribed to the Andamanese, viz, that of a newly black- 

 leaded stove. The shape of the head is mesaticephalic and brachy- 

 cephalic (i. e., either rounded or intermediate between the long and 

 round types). The forehead is low and rounded and i)rojects over 

 the root of the nose, which is short and depressed and ])yranii(l shaped. 

 The eyes are round and wide opiMi and show no trace of obli(|uity, the 

 iris being of a very rich deep-brown color. The lips \'ary fi'om mod- 

 erate to full, the mouth is rather large, the chin but feebly developed, 

 SM 1DU2 30 



