ANTHROPOLOGY. 395 



of Columbus, Ohio, bas publisbea during the year a volume entitled The 

 trthAmeri au.o;Autiquity,"iuwhiehhehasbro„ghttogehera tgr a 



paiu.s the results of explorations up to our day. It would not be too 

 uueh to say that it is now the best manual of Amer.can ^^^^ 

 In the Su,ithsonian Annual Report for 1S79, publrshed n. ^^f>^^^^ 

 are many papers upon archaeology. The one ^"'^ ^"'^ fj"^!^ 

 perusal upon this .subject is that by Mr. « alher upon t''" l";' -;^ , 

 of Tampa Bay, Florida. The author reviews adverse y Professor 

 Wymau's theortes of ancient canuibalis.n, aud presents other methods 

 of aecoimtiuff for the pheuomena. . 



Wiener's "Perou et Bolivie" is a gorgeous work, whose material was 

 collected at the expense of the French Government by ^I^^' ^^ J 1;^' ;^ ;^ 

 spent two years exploring the graves and ancient monuments of the land 

 of the Incas. 



III._BlOLOGY OF MAN. 



The title of this section is somewhat elastic ; indeed the Ecole <VAn- 

 thropologie of Paris divides its contents between two professors : M. 

 MaXas' Duval, who, under the subject of anatomical an Wo^y, 

 delivered a course of lectures upon anthropogeny or ^^^^^^'f^^^^^^^^ 

 o-eny of the vertebrates during the last winter, and Dr. Paul Topin 

 ard, who, from the chair of biology , lectured upon anthropo ogy in respect 

 of the living 5 inasmuch, however, as the same individuals are engaged 

 frequently in the study of man, structurally and functionally and the 

 latest texlbooks take strong ground that ^^^ ^^ ^^^-^^^^f, 

 must be prosecuted simultaneously, it is tound convenient to include 

 within the same theme all those investigations -^-^-^f^^^^^", "^^ 

 the side of zoology. The Biological Society ^f Washington has ^k^ 

 the same ground, in embracing within its membership osteologists and 

 conchologists, as well as embryologists and physiologists. 

 • A noteworthy fact in this portion of anthropology is the slow but sme 

 encroachments which methods and instruments of precision are making 

 upon the different parts of the human body. In 1786 was pubbshed, in 

 Paris PieiTe Camper's ^^Dissertation sur les differences reelles qnt pre- 

 sentent les traites dn visage chez les hommes de differents pays et de d^e- 

 rents dqesP The facial angle has received more careful scrutmy at 

 the hands of Geoffroy St. Hilaire, Cuvier, Cloquet, Jacquart, Broca, 

 and many other distinguished anatomists. The cubage of the cramuin, 

 the situation and direction of the foramen magnum, the occipital, basal, 

 and nasal angles, and the cranial indices have assumed an importance 

 even greater than the facial angle. The scapular index, thoracic index, 

 pelvis, femur, tibia, and even the digits, are not without their value m 



^^T^gre^ difficulty of coUecting the skeletons of any race in sufficient 

 numbers and well authenticated, has driven the ^^^T^^^^^. 

 methods of obtaining measurements upon the living. The Biitish Asso 



