430 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1921. 



The Governments of Europe have had military advisers, financial 

 advisers, transport and food experts in their service, but they have 

 not had ethnological advisers; there have been no highly trained 

 anthropologists at their command. You have only to study the peace 

 of Versailles to see that it is ethnologically unsound and can not be 

 permanent. It is no good asking why our well-meaning rulers did 

 not consult our well-meaning anthropologists. I for one confess 

 that we have not in the past dealt with actuality, or if we did deal 

 with actuality, that we have not treated it in a manner likely to im- 

 press either the executive or the public at large. There lacked far too 

 often the scientific attitude and the fundamental specialist train- 

 ing. I will not go so far as to say that, if the science of man had 

 been developed to the extent of physical science in all European 

 countries, and had then had its due authority recognized, there 

 would have been no war, but I will venture to say that the war would 

 have been of a different character, and we should not have felt that 

 the fate of European society and of European culture hung in the 

 balance, as at this moment they certainly do. 



No one can allow individual inspiration to-day, and you may 

 justly cry a Daniel has no right to issue judgment from the high seat 

 of the feast. Daniel's business is that of the outsider, the stranger, 

 the unwelcome person interpreting, probably his own, scrawling on 

 the wall. 



Well, if it be hard to learn from friends, let us at least study im- 

 passionately from our late foes. Some of my audience may have 

 read the recent manifesto of the German anthropologists, their 

 clarion cry for a new and stronger position of the science of man in 

 academic studies. But the manifesto may have escaped some, and 

 so closely does it fit the state of affairs here that I venture to quote 

 certain portions of it. After reciting the sparsity of chairs for the 

 study of physical and cultural anthropology in the German universi- 

 ties and how little academic weight has been given to such studies, 

 it continues: 



Where these sciences have otherwise found recognition in the universities, 

 they are not represented by specialists, so that anthropology is provided for by 

 the anatomists, ethnology by the geographers, and prehistory by Germanists, 

 archeologis-ts and geologists, and this although, in the present extent of these 

 three sciences, the real command of each one of them demands the complete 

 working powers of an individual. This want of teaching posts had made itself 

 felt long before the war, so that the number of specialists and of those inter- 

 ested In our science has receded." 



And again: 



During the war we have often experienced how in political pamphlets eth- 

 nology and ethnography — even as in the peace treaty of Brest-Litovsk — were 



• Correspondenz Blatt, u. s. w., Jabrg. 1., S. 37. 



