THE SCIENCE OF MAN PEARSON. 437 



the anthropologist be well devised, accurate, and comprehensive, the 

 anthropometric laboratory will gradually obtain an assured position 

 in commercial appreciation. As a beginning, the anthropologist by 

 an attractive museum, by popular lectures and demonstrations, 

 should endeavour to create, as Sir Francis Galton did at South Ken- 

 sington, an anthropometric laboratory, frequented by the general 

 population as well as by the academic class. Thus he will obtain a 

 wider range of material. But the anthropologist, if he is to advance 

 his science and emphasize its services to the State, must pass beyond 

 the university, the school, and the factory. He must study what 

 makes for wastage in our present loosely organized society ; he must 

 investigate the material provided by reformatory, prison, asylums 

 for the insane and mentally defective; he must carry his researches 

 into the inebriate home, the sanatorium, and the hospital, side by side 

 with his medical collaborator. Here is endless work for the immedi- 

 ate future, and the work in which we are already leagues behind our 

 American colleagues. For them the psychometric and anthropo- 

 metric laboratory attached to asylum, prison, and reformatory is no 

 startling innovation, to be spoken of with bated breath. It is ;> 

 recognized institution of the United States to-day, and from such 

 laboratories the " fieldworkers " pass out, finding out and reporting 

 on the share parentage and environment have had in the production 

 of the abnormal and the diseased, of the anti-social of all kinds. 

 Some of this work is excellent, some indifferent, some perhaps worth- 

 less, but this will always be the case in the expansion of new branches 

 of applied science. The training of the workers must be largely of 

 an experimental character, the technique has to be devised as the 

 work develops. Instructors and directors have to be appointed, who 

 have not been trained ad hoc. But this is remedying itself, and if, 

 indeed, when we start we also do not at first limp somewhat lamely 

 along these very paths, it will only be because we have the advantage 

 of American experience. 



There is little wonder that in America anthropology is no longer 

 the stepchild of the State. It has demanded its heritage and shown 

 that it can use it for the public good. 



If I have returned to my first insistence that the problems handled 

 by the anthropologist shall be those useful to the State, it is because 

 I have not seen that point insisted upon in this country, and it is 

 because my first insistence, like my third, involves the second for its 

 effectiveness — the establishment in our chief universities of anthro- 

 pological institutes. As Gustav Schwalbe said of anthropology in 

 1907 — and he was a man who thought before he spoke, and whose 

 death during the war is a loss to anthropologists the whole world 

 over: 



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