"MISSING LINKS" — MILLER 451 



Keith, A. Pithecanthropus erecttis- — A Brief Review of Human Fossil Re- 

 mains. Science Progress, vol. 3, pp. 348-369, July, 1895. 



Regards the fossils as indicatiug " a human race more primitive than 

 any hitherto discovered." 

 Keith, A. The Problem of Pithecanthropus. Nature, vol. 87, pp. 49-50, July 



13, 1911. 

 Keith, A. The Antiquity of Man. New Edition, 1925. 



Pithecanthropus, pp. 419-437. 

 Keith, A. Darwin's theory of Man's Descent as it Stands To-day. Science, 

 n. s., vol. 66, pp. 201-208, Sept. 2, 1927; Nature, vol. 120, suppl., pp. 14-21, 

 Sept. 3, 1927. (The presidential address before the British Association for 

 the Advancement of Science given at Leeds on Aug. 31, 1927.) 

 Klaatsch, H. Der gegeuwiirtige Stand der Pithecanthropus-Frage. Zool. Cen- 

 tralbl., vol. 6, pp. 217-235, April, 1899. 



Summarizes literature to date (44 titles). Accepts reference of fossils 

 to one individual, a creature related to the gibbons but distinctly approach- 

 ing the human type in the great capacity of the cranium. Femur is not 

 strictly human, but the animal which possessed it walked erect. 



KoLBE, H. Ueber den angeblichen Affenmenschen, Pithecanthropus erectus 

 Dubois. Naturwiss. Wochenschr., vol. 10, pp. 70-72. Feb. 3, 1895. 



No sufficient proof that the remains came from one animal. The femur 

 is human, the tooth simian, the skull cap is intermediate in character. 



KoiXMAN, J. [Remarks on Pithecanthropus.] Verb. Berl. Gesellsch. Anthrop., 

 in Zeitschr. fiir Ethnologie, vol. 27, pp. 740-744, December, 1895. 



The animal is a gigantic gibbon. Human ancestral forms are not likely 

 to have been gigantic. 



KoLLMA?^^, J. Neue Gedanken iiber das alte Problem von der Abstammung des 

 Meuschen. Globus, vol. 87, pp. 140-148, Feb. 23, 1905. 



Pithecanthropus undoubtedly belongs to the anthropoid apes^ — the rep- 

 resentative of a line which reached the end of its adaptability and tlien 

 became extinct, leaving no descendants. 



Krause, W. Pithecanthropus erectus, eine menschcuahnliche Uebergangsform 

 aus Java. Verb. Berl. Gesellsch. Anthrop., in Zeitschr. fiir Ethnologie, vol. 

 27, pp. 78-81, 1895. 



Skull and teeth those of an ape, femur human. 



Krause, W. [Remarks on Pithecanthropus.] Verb. Berl. Gesellsch. Anthrop., 

 in Zeitschr. fur Ethnologie, vol. 27, p. 440, 1895. 



It is doubtful whether the wisdom tooth is of the same age as the other 

 remains. 



Krause, W. Rekonstruktion des Schiidels vom Pithecanthropus erectus Dubois, 

 Verb. Berl. Gesellsch. Anthrop., in Zeitschr. fiir Ethnologie, vol. 28, p. 362, 

 1896. 



Exhibition of a drawing in which the skull is reconstructed like that of 

 a gigantic gibbon. The lower jaw would be l^^ times as long as the human 

 jaw and the radius would have had a length of about 1 meter. Such an 

 excess of size over that of related living species is an ordinary occurrence 

 among extinct mammals. 



Leche, Wilhelm. Der Mensch, sein Ursprung und seine Entwicklung, Jena, 

 1911. 



Pithecanthropus, pp. 353. Whether or not the creature stands in man's 

 ancestral line is an unanswerable question. 



