456 ANNUAL, REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 19 2 8 



ViRCHow, RuD. [Remarks on Pitliccanthropiis.] Verb. Berl. Gesellsch. 

 Anthrop., in Zeitscbr. fiir Ethnologie, vol. 27, pp. 81-87, 1895. 



Tbe circumstances of the find do not support the belief that the fossils 

 pertained to one individual. The skullcap is much like that of a gibbon; 

 the only character of the femur which distinguishes it from the femur of 

 a gibbon is its excessive size. 



ViRCHOw, RuD. PUhecanthropus erect us Dubois. Verb. Berl. Gesellsch. 



Anthrop., in Zeitscbr. fiir Ethnologic, vol. 27, pp. 33G-337, 1895. 

 Regards the Trinil deposits as lower Pliocene. 

 ViRCiiow, Run. Pithecaniliropus ereetus. Verb. Berl. Gesellsch, Anthrop., in 



Zeitscbr. fiir Ethnologie, vol. 27, pp. 435--140, pis. 6-7, 1895. 



Skull that of a great ape. The abnormal bony outgrowths on the femur 

 indicate a condition so serious as to give support to the idea that this 

 bone may have pertained to a man who was nursed by his family and 

 fellows ; but the idea of a successful cure in an ape is not excUided, and the 

 question must be decided by the structural characters of the bone. 



ViRCHOw, Run. Weitere Mittheilungen fiber den Pithecanthropus ereetus Dub. 

 Verb. Borl. Gesellsch. Anthrop., in Zeitscbr. ffir Ethnologie, vol. 37, pp. G48- 

 G56, 1895. 



The ape character of the skull is obvious. The teeth may have come 

 from one individual, but they are ape's teeth and not a man's. The skull- 

 cap is too small to have accompanied the femur as part of a man. 



ViRCHOw, Ruu. [Remarks on Pithecnnthropus .^ Verb. Berl. Gesellsch. Anthrop., 

 in Zeitscbr. ffir Ethnologie, vol. 37, pp. 744r-747, figs. 1-3, 1895. 



Skullcap closely agrees v.-ith that of a gibbon when reduced to same 

 size (fig. 1). According to tlie structure of the femur, there is no difficulty 

 in regarding it as that of a gigantic gibbon. 



ViRCiiow, RuD. Exostosen und Hyperostosen von Extremitiitenknocben des 

 Menschen, in Hinblick auf den Pithecanthropus. Verb. Berl. Gesellsch. 

 Anthrop., in Zeitscbr. ffir Ethnologie, vol. 37, pp. 787-793, pi. 9, 1895. 



Closer comparison of the abnormal growths on the fossil with those on 

 human femurs has shown some noticeable differences. 



ViBCHOW, RuD. [Remarks on Pithecanthropus.] C.-R. TroisiOme Congr. Inter- 

 na t. Zool., Leiden, 1895, p. 272, 1896. 



Inclines to the idea that the femur is human, Iiocause of its diseased 

 condition, but admits that the characters of the bone make it resemble 

 the femur of the gibbon. 



VoLZ, W. Ueber Pithecanthropus ereetus Dub. Eine menschenabnliche Ueber- 

 gangsform aus Java. Jahres-Ber. schles. Ges. vaterl. Cultur, Sitz. d. zool. 

 bot. Sect., vol. 74, pp. 5-8, January, 1896. 



Pithecanthropus is a gibbonlike ape, about the size of a man, evidently 

 more highly organized than living anthropoids, but still an ape. The gap 

 between man and ape is in no wise closed by this find. 



VoLz, W. Demonstration eines SchJidel-Abgusses von Pithecanthropus ereetus. 



Jahres-Ber. schles. Ges. vaterl. Cultur, Sitz. d. Naturwiss. Sect., vol. 75, 



pp. 10-16, January, 1897. 

 Waldeter, W. [Remarks on Pithecauthropus] Yerh. Berl. Gessellsch. Anthrop., 



in Zeitscbr. fur Ethnologie, vol. 27, p. 88, 1895. 



Skullcap is so like that of the gibbon that the animal might be referred 

 to a member of the same genus. Femur much like tliat of a man. No 

 reason to refer the two bones to one individual. 



