642 ANNUAL EErORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 192 8 



are shown in the Museum. Californian culture was crude and simple 

 although the art of basketry weaving was more highly developed 

 than elsewhere in the United States, but the weaving of cloth was 

 not practiced. 



The Hupa Indians of California had a robe and waist garment on 

 occasion for the men, but moccasins rarely. Old men frequently went 

 entirely naked. Women wore a waist garment and a narrow apron, 

 and occasionally a robe cape like the Pueblo, over shoulders or under 

 arms over the breast. A basket cap was ordinarily worn, and some- 

 times moccasins. In central California men usually went naked, but 

 possessed a robe, a netted cap, and occasionally a breechcloth, and 

 moccasins. In this area the women wore a waist skirt of vegetal 

 fiber or of buckskin, and a basketry cap. A robe and moccasins were 

 worn on occasion. Necklaces and earrings completed the costume 

 of the women of central California. (PI. 14.) 



Along the Pacific coast and also on the Mexican border, on the 

 Gulf coast, and in the Eastern States generally, the customary 

 woman's garment was a fringe-like skirt of bark, cord, strung seeds, 

 or peltry, worn around the loins. In cooler weather a skin cape was 

 thrown about the shoulders, and in certain tribes a large robe of 

 rabbit skin. The use of such robes was not rare in California but 

 the use of moccasins and of leggings was occasional. Some tribes 

 near the Mexican Provinces wore sandals, a type of footgear having 

 formerly a much wider range of distribution than in historical times. 

 Belts not only confined the clothing but supported pouches and bags. 

 Large pouches of netting were slung from the shoulder. 



A headdress and carrying net of the Porno (Cat. No. 200019, U. S. 

 N. M.) was collected by W. H. Holmes and is now in the Museum 

 collections. It is made of cotton twine, doubled and netted with 

 coarse mesh. The net is gathered into a woven band decorated with 

 shell beads. This band passes across the forehead and rests upon 

 a thick padding. The lower end of the net is gathered into a knot 

 on a toggle of bone. The carrying basket is inserted in the net. 



Livingston Stone collected from the Indians living along the 

 McCloud River in Shasta County, northern California, a girdle made 

 of human hair braided into fine sennit and wound into a ,skein 200 

 yards in length. The ends of the loop are wrapped with thong 

 covered with split root. The two ends are brought around the waist 

 and fastened with a thong of otter skin. (Cat. No. 17309, 

 U. S. N. M.) 



A headdress of the Tulare Indians consisting of whole feathers in 

 the middle and of split feathers around the outside was collected by 

 W. H. Holmes. (Cat. No. 200090, U. S. N. M.) The headdress is 

 typical of the southern Califorijia tribes. Whole feathers are 



