METEOROLOGY. 



By Cleveland Abbe. 



IfOTE. — The followiDg' collection of notes and extracts from Nature 

 (Volumes xxiii to xxvi) presents a summary of progress in meteor- 

 ology during 1880, '81, and '82, so far as it has been recorded in that 

 journal, and is supplementary to the meteorological record published 

 in the annual report for 1881. 



SYisropsis, 



I. — a lustitutions ; h Special stations and work ; c Individuals and necrology. 



II. — a General treatises; h History ; c Climate. 



III. — a Aeronautics; 6 Barometers ; c Thermometers ; d Anemometers : e Miscella- 

 neous apparatus and methods. 

 IV. — Physical questions. 



V. — a Solar radiation ; h Terrestrial temperature. 



VI. — a Evaporation ; I Condensation ; c Rainfall. 



VII.— Win^H. 



VIII. — Barometric pressure. 



IX.— Storms. 



X. — a Atmospheric electricity; h Terrestrial magnetism; c Ground currents; <! Au- 

 roras. 



XI. — a Refract ion and mirage ; 1) Halos. 



XII. — a Periodicity and sunspots ; 6 Hypsometiy ; c Geology, physical geography, 

 glaciers, hydrology: (i Climate and biology ; e Vulcanology and seismology. 



I. — rt Institutionsj & Special stations and work; c Individuals 



AND NECROLOGY. 



Perhaps the most imi)ortant event that has characterized the year 

 1883 has been the actual inauguration of the first year of international 

 observations in accordance with the programme of the Polar Commis- 

 sion. The original proposition made in 1875 by Lieutenant Weyprecht 

 has finally become a successful effort at international co-operation in 

 taking special simultaneous meteorological and magnetic observations 

 in the arctic and antarctic regions, while the permanent observatories of 

 the temperate zones continue tlieir regular work. The following gives 

 a general history of the undertaking, and a list of the stations occu- 

 pied by the various nations, and the works undertaken by them. The 

 instructions under which these stations carry on the work have been 

 printed in the official Mittfieilungen published by the International Polar 



Commission. 



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