616 SCIENTIFIC KECOED FOR 1882. 



branchiates with " palatine teeth in two longitudinal series diverging 

 behind, inserted on the inner margin of two palatine processes, which 

 are much prolonged posteriorly; parasphenoid toothless; vertebrae 

 opisthocoelian" (B), and with "no postfronto-squamosal arch or liga- 

 ment". (0.) 



1 a. Pleurodelidids = SalamandridsB Salamandrinse pt. B. Caduci- 

 brauchiates with " palatine teeth in two longitudinal series diverging 

 behind, inserted on the inner margin of two palatine processes, which are 

 much prolonged posteriorly; parasphenoid toothless" (B.), and "with a 

 postfrontal arch, sometimes ligamentous". (C.) 



1 b. Amhlystomids=8alama,ndTidsd Amblystomatinse pt. B. Caduci- 

 branchiates with " series of palatine teeth transverse or posteriorly con- 

 verging, inserted on the hinder margin or posterior portion of the 

 vomers; parasphenoid toothless; vertebrae amphiccelian" (B.), and with 

 "palatines not prolonged over parasphenoid, bearing teeth on the pos- 

 terior ]3ortion". (C.) 



1 b. Hynobiids — Salamandridae Amblystomatiuae pt. B. Caduci- 

 branchiates with "series of iDalatine teeth transverse or posteriorly con- 

 verging, inserted ou the hinder margin or posterior portion of the 

 'vomers; parasphenoid toothless; vertebrae amphiccelian" (B.), and with 

 "palatines in contact prolonged over parasphenoid, bearing teeth on 

 posterior external margin". (C.) 



1 c. Plethodontids = Salamandridae Plethodontiuae B. Caducibran- 

 chiates, with " series of palatine teeth transverse on posterior portion 

 of vomers; dentigerous plates on parasphenoid; vertebrae amphiccelian." 

 (B.) 



1 d. DesmognatMds=Sal2imBiidTid3d Desmognathinae pt. B. Caduci- 

 branchiates with " series of palatine teeth transverse, on posterior por- 

 tion of vomers ; dentigerous i^lates on parasphenoid; vertebrae opistho- 

 coelian" (B.); with the parasphenoid teeth in two elongate patches, and 

 with the tongue free laterally and behind. 



1^. T/iom(fe=Salamandridae Desmognathinae pt.B. Caducibranchi- 

 ates, with " series of palatine teeth transverse, on posterior portion of 

 vomers ; dentigerous plates on parasphenoid ; vertebrae opisthocoelian " 

 (B.) ; with the parasphenoid teeth in a single patch and with the tongue 

 free all around and attached only by a central pedicel. 



2. Protonopsids =Am])hmmidiS) pt. B. Caducibranchiates without 

 eyelids, with teeth on anterior margin of palatine bones ; no dentigerous 

 plates on parasphenoid; vertebrae amphiccelian; "no anterior axial 

 cranial bone;" parietals and prefrontals prolonged, meeting and embrac- 

 ing frontals; wall of vestibule membranous internally; j^remaxillaries 

 separated; occipital condyles sessile; and with weli-develoj)ed limbs. 



2. AmpJiiumids= Am])b.iumid8d pt. B. Caducibranchiates without 

 eyelids, with teeth on the outer anterior margin of palatines, no dentig- 

 erous plates on j)arasphenoid ; vertebrae amphiccelian ; " an axial cranial 

 bone C? vomer) in front of orbitosphenoids, and one forming palatal sur- 



