PAPERS RELATING TO ANTHROPOLOGY. 689 



patches, indicated by 2 in the above cut. Below this was a layer of 

 black soil, in which were found human bones, the head of one femur, 

 the head and about 6 inches of the upper end of the other, one of the 

 vertebrae, both clavicles, ribs, and other bones, but all very much de- 

 cayed. Pieces of the skull were found, but so much decayed that only 

 the outline was indicated on the earth. The size of the femur and 

 other bones refuted the current tradition in the neighborhood that the 

 original excavators found bones of giants in this mound. 'No ashes, 

 charcoal, or any other indication of fiie»appeared. There was no altar. 

 It seemed to have been simply a burial mound, the body having been 

 placed on the ground and covered with a layer of black soil. 



The first explorers found three pipes and two copper axes, of which 

 two pipes and one copper ax were secured. The thorough excavation 

 before mentioned prevented the determination of the exact position of 

 the bones. The occurrence of the bones of only one individual led to the 

 conclusion that the mound was erected as a memorial over the remains 

 of a single chieftain or hero. 



The relics discovered in mound No. 2 are probably as fine specimens 

 of carving as have ever been found anywhere belonging to that ancient 

 people, and they are in no way injured by the action of fire. Three 

 pipes and two copper axes were found in the mound at a depth of about 

 15 feet. The following cut represents one of the pipes, intended to re- 

 semble the raccoon {Procyon lotor). 



Fig. 4. Raccoon pipe, from Naples, IlL 



This raccoon pipe is made of very hard stone, and is polished as smooth 

 as glass, and every feature of the animal is perfect. The bars on the 

 tail, the claws, the position of the fore and hind feet are all correct ; 

 even the markings of the face are i^roperly indicated by lines cut in the 

 stone. But above all, the artist has caught the very expiession of the 

 animal which he was imitating. 



Such artistic skill in the manipulation of the hardest and most in- 

 tractable material into beautiful and graceful forms could only be ob- 

 tained by long study and patient toil. 

 H. Mis. 26 44 



