698 



PAPERS RELATING TO ANTHROPOLOGY. 



their manufacture are shown in Fig. 17, which represents the end of 



the metatarsal bone of the elk 

 found in mound No. 6. A wedge 

 was driven into the opening at the 

 end, and the bone split in two along 

 the middle line, each half afterward 

 being converted into an implement 

 by scraping and rubbing. Ten or 



Fig. 17. Bone of elk, from monnd near Naples, ni. twelvCOfthcSe large bOUC awls WCre 



found in mound No. 1, sticking in the sand around a single skeleton. 

 One of these is painted red and retains its brilliant color. 



A small bone awl, represented in the following cut, half size, was found 

 in mound No. 15. 



2 



Fig. 18. Bone awl, from mound near Nai)le8, 111. 



Lying at right angles to the two skeletons already described in mound 

 No. 3 were six or eight others, all with their feet to the west, except one, 

 which was at least 15 inches below the surface sand, stretched out at 

 full length, with the head to the northwest and feet to the southeast. 

 No object of any kind was found with these skeletons. The bones were 

 greatly decayed, and the skulls so far gone as to reuder the fragments 

 almost worthless for any scientific purposes. The posterior portions had 

 been much distorted, probably by the pressure of the earth. The frag- 

 mentary frontal of one bone is remarkable fortheheavy superciliary ridges 

 and retreating forehead, while another has the bone of the nose almost 

 perfect, showing the feature to have been very prominent. The latter 

 specimen is very similar in this particular to Fig. 65 in Foster's "Prehis- 

 toric Eaces." The comi)arison of the Dunleith mound skull with the 

 Neanderthal skull in that figure seems to be very unfair to the former. 

 By elevating the posterior portion of the fragment until the skull as- 

 sumes a normal position, the difference between it and the Neanderthal 

 specimen will be found to be very great. 



No animal bones or fragments of them were found, and no evidence 

 of any funeral feast or any funeral ceremony in which fire was used. 



Mound No. 4 was opened by sinking a shaft about 8 feet 

 square in the center several feet below the original surface. 

 Nothing was found but a few fragmentary human bones 

 greatly decayed and one fine, white chert arrow-point, rep. 

 resented in the following figure (half size) : 



Mound No. 5 was opened but nothing found. The earth/ , 

 in mound No. 4 was of the same character as that in No. 3.^ 



The oval mound. No. 1, was explored in April, 1881 by 

 beginning a trench at the north end and carrying it to the 

 original surface and through to the south end. Lateral Fig. i9. chert ar- 

 trenches were opened at intervals, and from these and the mound near Na- 

 maiu one a complete exploration was made by tunneling. ^ ''^' 



