PAPERS RELATING TO ANTHROPOLOGY. 775 



the east bank, about 2 miles north of the mouth of the Wekiwa. There 

 is a house upon it. At the mouth of the Wekiwa there are two mounds 

 on the east bank of the Saint John's. They are 1 mile south of Emanuel 

 Landing. One is about 100 feet from the river, on the edge of the hum- 

 mock, and the other is about 250 yards, and in the hummock. There is 

 another about 7 miles by river, 4 in a straight line, near or on laud of 

 Colonel Thrasher, about a quarter of a mile from the Saint John's Eiver, 

 across a marsh. This mound is 1 mile north of Lake Monroe, on the 

 east side of the river. 



Professor Wyman mentions extensive shell deposits, 6 or 7 miles up 

 the Wekiwa, but we did not visit them. There is a shell mound on the 

 Sanford grant, at the north end of Lake Monroe. About Lake Monroe 

 are other mounds, as follows : 



The celebrated shell mound at Old Enterprise ; this was being carted 

 off when I visited the spot, August 15, 1877, for the purpose of fertiliz- 

 ing a neighboring orange grove. I collected several specimens there, 

 of which mention will be made further on. The mound was apparently 

 about half gone. It was composed of fresh-water shells, similar to those 

 now found in the lake, but very much larger than any now living that I 

 have seen. 



There were occasional fragments of large sea conchs, many human 

 and other bones, and much pottery with ashes, &c. Very many of the 

 delicate shells were uninjured, although very fragile, showing that they 

 must have been piled up in very large quantities at a time, and not 

 have been simply the remains of a feast left on the ground, for in this 

 case the shells would have been exposed to breakage by the trampling 

 of feet and movements of the family. Throughout the mound the shells 

 were deposited very looselj". There was not sand enough to bind them 

 together, and remarkably little humus or black soil. This heap cannot 

 then be classed as a kjokkenmodding. It must have been raised for a 

 purpose, and not as the incidental accumulations of kitchen refuse. If 

 the shell fish were used as food it would seem that they must have been 

 boiled whole and then the shells thrown on the pile after the extraction 

 of the tenant. 



I am informed by Mr. Scott, of Barker's Landing, that 2 or 3 miles 

 from this mound and from the lake is a shell heap, composed entirely 

 of oyster shells. 



Leaving Lake Monroe, the first station of interest was Ginn's Grove. 

 Here are two sand burial-mounds and near by is a shell heap, or rather 

 a kitchen refuse heap (kjokkenmodding). One of the mounds is high and 

 conical, the other low and flat, and spread out over a large extent of 

 ground. The conical high mound had been opened previously and we 

 found several tiagments of pottery and human bones thrown out of the 

 excavation. 



Continuing on our voyage we passed Lake Jessup by a cut-off, and so 

 did not see the mounds referred to by Professor Wyman, and shown on 



