GEOGRAPHY. 551 



1 



will prove more friendly to civilization than the father. Miramba is also 



dead. 



Dr. A. Fischer's brochure, 3fe1ir Licht im dunkeln Weltteil, reviewed 

 in the November issue of the Proceedings of the Royal Geographical 

 Society, contains a large amount of statistical information, through 

 the midst of which much valuable geographical knowledge is inter- 

 woven. 



Lieut. Victor Giraud, of the French navy, has given us (see Proceed- 

 ings Royal Geographical Society, September) a delineation of Lake Bang- 

 weolo, which differs widely from that first published by Dr. Livingston, 

 as a comparison of his sketch with the society's map of Eastern Equa- 

 torial Africa will show. We are indebted to the same officer for having 

 traced the Luapula from where it issues from the lake, as far as Moero 

 Mkata. Equally interesting is the information brought home by Herr 

 Reichard from the copper country of Katanga and the Kingdom of Msiri, 

 regions hitherto known to us only from the vague reports of Portuguese 

 traders or natives. Lieutenant Giraud left Daro-es- Satam on the 19th 

 of December, 1882. Crossing in succession U-zaramo, Khutu, U-sagara, 

 U-hehe, U-bena, and the Livingston Mountains, by routes differing in 

 many jilaces from those followed by his predecessors, he reached the north- 

 ern extremity of Lake Nyassa, and thence ascended to Kiwanda on the 

 " Stevenson road." He then turned off toward the southwest and trav- 

 elling over a wide plain, entered U-emba, the country of B-emba, whose 

 chief is Kitim Kuru, by far the most powerful ruler whom the explorer 

 met with. On reaching Zapana, Lieutenant Giraud sent his caravan on to 

 Kazembe'stown, whilst proceeding himself to the shores of Lake Bang- 

 weolo. The lake, according to this explorer, consists of a sheet of open 

 water in the north, apparently nowhere more than 20 feet in depth, and 

 of a vast swamp. Kisi, the most elevated island, only rises to a height 

 of 80 feet. The Luapula leaves the lake at Kawende Point. The river 

 there is about 300 feet wide and 15 feet deep, its course being well de- 

 fined between walls of gigantic rushes. After about a fortnight spent 

 on the river and in forcing his way through a lagoon at the back of it, 

 Lieutenant Giraud's progress was stopped by an "army" sent against 

 him by Mere-Mere, chief of Ba-ussi. He was compelled to surrender ; but 

 after remaining a prisoner for some time he succeeded in escaping, made 

 his vay through the country of the hostile Wa-Kisinga, and following 

 the Luapula for some distance, he at length rejoined his caravan in 

 Kazembe's town. Eventually he reached lende on the Taganyika. 



Dr. Bohm and Herr Reichard left the Belgian station of Mpala, on 

 the Tanganyika, on the 1st of September, 1883, and on September 27 

 they reached the Luapula, where that river is 500 feet wide, but not 

 navigable, owing to rapids. They crossed into the kingdom of a power- 

 ful chief, named Msiri, who subjected them to vexatious annoyances, 

 and prevented their progress until at last Dr. Bohm died on March 27, 

 1884, after ten days' suffering. Soon afterward Herr Reichard was per- 



