26 The Developmental Characters of 



from which I take the following extracts: — In the newly 

 hatched larva " the first two pairs of ventral legs are at first 

 not in use, and but little developed, and the larva often rests 

 in a looping position, and walks like a semi-looper." After 

 the first moult they still looped in walking, the less de- 

 veloped first two pau's of claspers not being used. The 

 Geometer-like habit appears to be abandoned in the fourth 

 stage, i. e., at the third moult. Mr. Buckler, who is perhaps 

 one of the most skilled and experienced larva breeders in 

 this country, adds further, that the larvae of TcBniocamjja 

 opima are semi-loopers when young, and so also are those of 

 Phlogophora meticulosa. 



The next observation is of great importance as showing 

 that a species which is a semi-looper when adult is more 

 perfectly geometriform when young. In a recently published 

 description of the caterpillar of Euclidia glyphica, Mr. G. T. 

 Porritt remarks that the newly emerged larva ' ' when walking 

 arches its back like that of a Geometer." (Ent. Mo. Mag., 

 vol. xvii., 1881, p. 210). When from an inch to an inch and 

 a quarter in length they had lost the true looper style of 

 walking, but were still half-loopers, having no claspers on 

 segments 7, 8, 11, and 12. The above-mentioned note by 

 Mr. Stainton has called forth some remarks in the current 

 number of the ' Entomologist's Monthly Magazine ' (vol. xvii., 

 p. 237j, by Mr. R. F. Logan, who states that, according to 

 his experience, nearly all the larvae of the Trijidce are semi- 

 loopers when first hatched. " The Cymatophoridce are an 

 exception, but they are altogether abnormal, and somewhat 

 allied to the Tortricina, the eggs being pear-shaped, and the 

 larvae hving between united leaves and moulting only four 

 times, while the normal number of moults in the Trijidce is 

 five." 



Turning now from native to American observers, I was 

 fortunate enough to discover some corroborative evidence in 

 Mr. C. V. Eiley's Eeports ' On the noxious, beneficial, and 

 other Insects of the State of Missouri.' The following notes 

 are taken from this author : — 



Afjrotis inermis, Harris. Newly hatched larv^ have "the 



