1^0 The Galls of Essex; a Contribution to a 



This paper is by no means exhaustive either in botanical, 

 zoological, or biological detail ; still I think enough has been 

 referred to, to show the interest accruing to gall study, and 

 the many intricate problems of the greatest importance still 

 awaiting a satisfactory solution. Should any members of the 

 Essex Field Club feel disposed to make observations or 

 experiments, I shall be pleased to place what little knowledge 

 I have of the subject at their disposal. Further, I shall be 

 pleased to name any collected specimens of galls, which are 

 more easily determined in many cases than the insects them- 

 selves, which maybe sent to me (to Maldon, Essex), and thus, 

 I hope, make numerous additions not only to our county hst, 

 but to the fauna of Britain itself. 



As to the present knowledge of our number of species of 



gall-making insects, Essex compares thus with Britain and 



with Europe : — 



Europe. Britain. Essex. 



Cynipidffi 123 53 40 



Tenthredmidffi 12 8 3 



Tineina 8 2 1 



CecidomyidfE 176 76 30 



Mycetopliilidae Ill 



Trypetid® 11 6 2 



Muscidse 5 2 . 1 



Curculionidae 12 8 5 



Aphidid^e 12 8 6 



Psyllidffi 12 1 



372 164 89 



In the following synopsis of the galls of the county, I have 

 arranged them under two headings : I. Botanical — in accord- 

 ance with the names and arrangement in Bentham's ' Hand- 

 book of the British Flora,' as being the most generally useful 

 book for the entomological botanist, the minute subdivision 

 of species adopted in some floras not being necessary in this 

 case. A short description, and frequently a figure, of each 

 gall is given under the plant on which it occurs, the name of 

 the gall-maker following the diagnosis. II. Entomological — 

 in the ordinary sequence of the families of the insects form- 



