616 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1920. 



This group represents the family as it might appear in the spring, 

 moving across the ice fields. The young man has succeeded in club- 

 bing a small seal, and the others are having a laugh at his expense 

 for calling out the dog team to haul so slight a load. It is remark- 

 able that these farthest north people are exceptionally cheerful in 

 disposition, notwithstanding the rigor of the climate and the hard- 

 ships of their life. The woman, who carries a babe in her hood, is 

 about to help attach the seal to the sledge ; and the girl, who plays 

 with the dogs, and the boy, who clings to the back of the sledge, are 

 not insensible to the pleasantries of the elder man. (See pi. 4.) 



GROUP OF EASTERN ESKIMO. 



The eastern Eskimo inhabit Greenland, the shores of northern 

 Labrador, and of Hudson Bay adjoining. In the group here shown 

 will be seen a young woman from southwestern Greenland, her 

 dress resembling that of a Lapp ; a man from eastern Hudson Bay, 

 with his harpoon; a woman with her babe, from Ungava Bay, 

 Labrador ; and a woman from northern Hudson Bay in garments of 

 reindeer skin. In the first named the people have been under instruc- 

 tion of Moravian missionaries many years. The male figure repre- 

 sents the native right-hand man of the intrepid whalers who, before 

 the discovery of coal oil, ransacked Hudson Bay for oil and baleen. 

 The woman with the babe and the one on her right hand are dressed 

 in aboriginal costumes of reindeer fur, little modified by outside in- 

 fluences. The loose, roomy garments correspond with those figured 

 by the early voyagers. The eastern Eskimo are also interesting on 

 account of their association with the exploring expeditions sent out 

 in the last century to search for the north west passage and the North 

 Pole. (See pi. 5.) 



GROUP OF WESTERN ESKIMO. 



This group represents a woman from the Anderson River region, 

 Canada, dressed in deerskin, with her child standing in front ; a man 

 and a woman from Point Barrow, also dressed in deerskin; a man 

 from St. Michaels, Alaska ; and a woman from Kadiak Island wear- 

 ing a costume made of spermophile skin and ornamented with mar- 

 mot and beaver's fur. (See pi. 6.) 



TRIBES OF ALASKA, WESTERN AND EASTERN CANADA. 



The groups represented here exhibit the principal races of Alaska 

 and Canada in the vast stretch from the Pacific to the Atlantic. 

 They are also of tribes which were most lately changed by the 

 advance of the white man. Two of the four tribes are west-coast 

 Indians. Here are numerous tribes speaking different languages, 

 but having a marked similarity in customs and arts. The coast tribes 

 strung along the coast lands from Puget Sound to Mount St. Elias 





