RACIAL GROUPS HOUGH. 621 



One of the smaller triangular houses is a guest house for the recep- 

 tion of envoys and the other is a shelter for a single family. The 

 corn field is near the village and is surrounded with a fence for pro- 

 tection against wild animals, but sometimes the fields were inclosed 

 by the general stockade. The legend in Iroquois on the frame is: 

 " Great Commonwealth : peace — justice — power," the motto of the 

 Confederacy. (See pi. 14.) 



MART JEMISON, INDIAN CAPTIVE. 



Mary Jemison's story is that of an Indian captive who, after many 

 years among her captors returned at last to " her own people," the 

 Iroquois. She is represented here dressed in Indian costume and 

 carrying a papoose on her back on her journey of 500 miles, return- 

 ing from Ohio to New York. 



When she was a few years old her family was massacred by In- 

 dians, but her life was spared and she was adopted, reared among 

 the tribe, and given the name Degewanus, " beautiful object." 



After many years of captivity she made her way back to the old 

 log cabin home on the Genesee River, in New York, where she lived 

 till her death in 1808 ( ? ) . The ground surrounding this old frontier 

 log cabin was purchased by Mr. William Pryor Letchworth, of 

 Buffalo, and made a public park for the citizens of the State of New 

 York. Mr. H. K. Bush-Brown was commissioned to execute the 

 statue. 



Plaster original gift of Mr. H. K. Bush-Brown. (See pi. 15.) 



THE VIRGINIA INDIANS. 



This group represents Capt. John Smith trading with the Powha- 

 tans in 1608, when the Jamestown colony was saved from grievous 

 Avant by his energy and resourcefulness. Food having fallen low, 

 Captain Smith organized an expedition to one of the Powhatan 

 villages on the James River in which articles of European manu- 

 facture were exchanged for corn. It will be seen that the Indian 

 chief drives a hard bargain, but Smith is master of the situation. 



The group reproduces, as nearly as the available data will permit, 

 the boats of the period and the costumes and other personal be- 

 longings of both peoples. Our knowledge of the costumes of the 

 natives is quite limited, the only source of information being the 

 meager descriptions left by Smith and a number of drawings, now 

 preserved in the British Museum, made by the artist John White, 

 of the Roanoke Colony. Aside from the simple buckskin garments 

 here reproduced, dressed skins of animals and certain coarsely woven 

 cloaks, sometimes tastefully embellished with feathers, were used 

 in cold weather. The chief weapon was the bow and arrow. Hunt- 



