RACIAL GROUPS HOUGH. 647 



WOLOF MAN. 



The Wolof are Negroes of the western Sudan, living between the 

 lower Senegal and the Gambia Rivers. They are tall, intensely 

 black in color, but have regular features. Their language is Negro in 

 type and is the medium of communication throughout Senegambia. In 

 religion they are Mohammedan, but retain some of their old fetichism. 

 They pay great attention to dress and personal adornment. Tilling 

 and trading are their chief occupations, and they act as middlemen 

 between the tribes of the coast and the interior. (See pi. 68.) 



TRIBES OF MALAYSIA. 



This complex aggregation of peninsula, islands, and sea has been 

 the scene of extensive migration of peoples and interchange of cus- 

 toms. Perhaps no other section of the world has been a like swarm- 

 ing place of peoples. The ethnic groups show the diversity of Malay 

 peoples and include also the aboriginal Negritos of the Philippines. 

 Taking the last first, the Negritos have been discussed pro and con as 

 intruders in the oceanic area or as remnants of the aborigines once 

 inhabiting sundry islands. This difficult problem has not reached so- 

 lution. Included in the groups of the Philippines is one case exhibit- 

 ing the highly developed textile art of the islands. 



The Dyaks of Borneo have been taken as typical of the Malay and 

 the Igorot as a divergent branch. The Dyaks are evidently a much- 

 mixed race, and pure types are therefore difficult to obtain. No im- 

 portant culture centers are to be observed in this area, but in Java, 

 Sumatra, and some other areas interesting development has been in 

 progress, influenced in all probability from India. 



The Malaysian tribes are in all stages of moderate culture. Some 

 of them subsist on jungle products and others cultivate principally 

 rice. The arts of Malaysia are profoundly influenced by the bamboo 

 and rattan, ranking among the highly useful plants of the world. 



DWELLING GROUP OF THE DYAKS. 



The Dyaks are of Malayan stock chiefly and live mainly in the 

 heavily forested interior of Borneo, subsisting on rice, sago, native 

 fruits, and game. They are expert in the use of the blowgun, in which 

 they employ poison-tipped darts. In many respects the culture of the 

 Dyaks is similar to that of the forest tribes of South America, Dyak 

 houses are communal — long structures erected on high posts with a 

 wide bamboo-floored porch where the household activities are carried 

 on. These houses are built along the rivers. Rice storehouses and 

 other smaller sheds are also built. The Dyaks are good boatmen and 

 make large dugout canoes. (See pi. 69.) 



