366 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1903. 



among them ((M-hnologists, since a portion of the new installations 

 and the greater jxirt of the repairs are made on the premises. The 

 university, therefore. emplo3's a stati of over 500 persons, all told. 



Each student pays W-25 to $200 annually for all instruction. The 

 university authorities estimate his annual expenses in New York at 

 between $375 and $825, according to his requirements — $550 for 

 medium acconunodations." Eighty-live fellow\ships and scholarships 

 are bestowed aniuially, amounting to almost $60,000, and whoever has 

 attained the degree of doctor of philosophy in Columbia may continue 

 his work in the hiboratories free of charge. These fellowships and 

 scholarships vary between $125 and $850, most of them $500, and the 

 holder of fellowships need pay no college fees. A committee of pro- 

 fessors aids poor students in order that they may support themselves 

 while pursuing their studies as private teachers, translators, writers, 

 evening school instructors, traveling companions, stenographers, type- 

 writers, etc. The student who asks this aid is respected all the more 

 for it by his colleagues. 



The university annually publishes a catalogue, which contains 400 

 to 500 pages of accurate information, a report of the president, of 

 over 100 pages, catalogues of lectures of each faculty with all possible 

 special data for the students, comprehensive pamphlets of 100 or more 

 pages; and also, beginning in 1899, a Quarterly, which treats only of 

 affairs relating to the universit}^ proper. A bulletin appeared from 

 1890 to 1898. In 1897 a small album of 48 pages was published with 

 many illustrations and plans, entitled ""Columbia University," which 

 gives an excellent idea of the whole establishment. Finally, from 

 1894 to 1900, 16 volumes of a scientific character have appeared in 

 quarto, octavo, and duodecimo (each volume complete in itself), 

 together with serial publications of eleven different departments 

 (contributions, memoirs, or studies), and five periodicals, which are 

 conducted by members of the faculty. 



The i)ower 'plant. — It was planned to build a power house for heat- 

 ing, lighting, ventilating, water, electricity, mechanical power, com- 

 pressed air, etc., directly on the banks of the Hudson River, but a 

 short distance from the university in a straight line, in order that coal 

 could be unloaded directl}^ from the vessels into the boiler house. 

 The pipes and cables were then to have been led up through a tunnel, 

 but this project was not permitted by the cit}' authorities as the near- 

 by residents thought themselves damaged by such a plan. In conse- 

 quence of this a handsome boathouse was erected on the ground already 



« In Harvard the expenses are estimated at 1500 to $600, in Yale $700, in Philadel- 

 phia $450. Each stndent costs the American universities from $125 (at Vassar 

 College for women) to $400 (Leland Stanford Junior University); in the German 

 universities the cost averages $175, as estimated from a total expenditure of about 

 $5,750,000 for 33,500 students. 



