STUDIES ON MUSEUMS AND KINDRED INSTITUTIONS. 511 



$5,500,000 of the total fund of $13,000,000 were invested, yielding a 

 secure annual income of $210,000, or 25) per cent, toward the ])ayraent 

 of the total expenditures of $730,000, the students contributing 

 $270,000 (37 per cent), while Rockefeller gave $200,000 (28 per cent), 

 and the small remainder was derived from various sources. The 

 expenditure for salaries of the insti'uctors was, in round sums, $390,000 

 (54. 7 per cent), stipends "$00,000 (8. 5 per cent), for printing- and publish- 

 ing $50,000 (♦).8 per cent), for expenses of buildings and grounds 

 $83,000 (11.5 per cent), for books $14,000 (1.9 per cent), the remaining 

 16.6 per cent for general expenses. 



According to a statement which occupied ahnost an entire closely printed folio page 

 of the Chicago Tribune, January 1, 1901, p. 17, there was given liy private persons in 

 the United States in 1899 $80,000,000 for educational purposes, libraries, museums, 

 (•harital)le objects, churches and religious enterprises, as well as to cities for the pub- 

 lic benefit and entertainment, sums under $1,000 not included. In 1900 the total 

 was $62,500,000, of which there was applied to educational institutions, museums, and 

 libraries $40,000,000, Washington University, in St. Louis, obtaining $5,000,000, the 

 Carnegie Museum, in Pittsburg, $3,500,000; the University of Chicago, $2,600,000; 

 Clark University, in Worcester, Mass., $2,400,000; Yale University, in New Haven, 

 $1,300,000; Brown University, in Providence, $1,000,000; the Cooper Union, in 

 New York City (see p. 366), and the University of Syracuse each $830,000; Har- 

 vard University, in Cambridge, $730,000; Drake University, in Dea Moines, $530,000; 

 Columbia University, in New York, $500,000, and so on. During the year 1901, besides 

 he donations amounting to $1,300,000 already mentioned, there were known to 

 me the following great gifts from Chicago alone: Dr. D. K. Pearsons, who from 

 1890 to 1900 had already given $2,500,000, almost wholly for educational objects, in 

 sums of from $15,000 to $300,000, disposed during his lifetime of the remainder of his 

 property, amounting to $1,500,000, for the same objects, having especial regard to the 

 small colleges of the W^est, retaining only for himself and his wife an annuity of 

 $30,000; and J. O. Armour, together with his mother, gave to the Armour Institute 

 (school of engineering) $1,250,000, after his father had founded the same with 

 $4,000,000. According to the American Montldy Review of Reviews, August, 1901, 

 p. 152, the endowments for American colleges and universities in June of this year 

 were greater than ever before. Among others. Brown University, in Providence, 

 obtained $2,000,000, and Harvard University, in Cambridge, $1,000,000 for its med- 

 ical faculty. "The best of all uses of public benefactions is not for charity to the 

 poor or even to the sick and defective, * * * not for lower education or religion, 

 * * * but rather for affording the very best opportunities for the highest possible 

 training of the very best minds in universities, because in training these the whole 

 work of church, state, school, and charity * * * is raised to,a higher level, and in 

 his service all other causes are at the same time best advanced." (The Nation, LX X, 

 1900, p. 229.) This, too, has always been the German principle, and to that end the 

 governments of single states and the representatives of the people have cherished the 

 universities with the greatest care, so that in Germany the most and best universities 

 are found. In America this is sought to be attained partly through state and partly 

 through private universities, and there can be no doubt but that it will also be 

 attained there. 



** These are the so-called scholarships and fellowships, the first for junior students, 

 the last for those who have attained the doctorate. They vary from $125 to $440. 

 In consideration of this the recipients have to perform a service at the University of 

 from one and one-half to two hours dailv. 



