PALEONTOLOGY. 303 



E. D. Cope (51) states that he has found evidence of the presence of 

 the pineal eye in some ancient vertebrates, and calls attention to the 

 bearing of this fact upon the relationship of the vertebrates Avith the 

 tunicates. In the plates published with this paper illustrations are 

 given of Boihriolcpis Canadensis^ the skull of Ali/cterops orflinatus, Dia- 

 deotcs i)liaseoUnus,A\\(\ the, cranium or brain cases of Belodon biiceros, 

 and Alliyator Mississippiensis. The announcement of this discovery in 

 early reptilian vertebrates evidently suggested the following papers : 

 H. F. Osborne (205, 206) upon reading Owen's description of Tritylodon 

 of the Upper Triassic of South Africa, in which the author refers to a 

 vacuity between the parietals which "if natural, represents a fontanelle, 

 or it may be interpreted as a pineal or parietal foramen; it may how- 

 ever be due to posthumous injury," infers from this the remarkable hy- 

 pothesis that " the primitive mammal of the family to which this be- 

 longs had a pineal eye of some functional value." But examination of 

 the specimen itself by Br. George Baur brought out the fact that no 

 parietal foramen exists in Tritylodon (208). Thus suddenly the pineal 

 eye of the primitive mammal is knocked out. 



Mr. Coi)e (46) gives some new facts regarding the shoulder girdle 

 and extremities of Eriops, and (44) jiresents a number of tables ex- 

 pressing the supposed phylogenetic relations of the several genera of 

 artiodactyla, tracing them through the various stages of the Tertiary. 

 The next (54) is apparently a modified form of this same paper. In 

 another paper (42) the author describes a part of the mandible of a 

 large cat from the Upper Miocene beds of Phillips County, Kansas, 

 which is named 3Iacha'rodus, and specific name catocopis. No figures 

 are given. 



Mr. Osborne (209) finds the name Athrodon, proposed in the paper 

 (203) above referred to, preoccui)ied by Sauvage, and he proposes Kur- 

 todon as a substitute. 



A memorandum (89) of a paper read at the meeting of the Academy 

 of Science in Paris, J uly 30, 1888, by M. Albert Gaudry , is given in a note. 

 Nature, vol. xxxviii, p. 384, in which the author records the relative 

 dimensions of some of the larger Tertiary and Quaternary mammals; 

 DinoiheriuM {lUjantcnm is given the first place, and Mastodon Ameri- 

 canus of the Quaternary of the United States is given the fourth place. 



Mr. Cope (48) announces the discovery of a fragment of the carapace 

 of Glyptodon in Nueces County, southern Texas, in beds which have 

 yielded Equus crenidens, Cope. The discovery was made by William 

 Taylor, and the specimen is described and named Glyptodon petalifer- 

 ous (sp. nov.), pp. 345, 346. 



J, A. Allen (2) describes from the Miocene of Charleston, South Car- 

 olina, Squalodon Tiedcmanni (s[). nov.), p. 35, pis. v, vi. 



J. M. Clarke (29, 30) announces the discovery of elephant bones as- 

 sociated with charcoal and pottery at Attica, Wyoming County, New 

 York. 



