148 " BBITISH BUTTEBFLIES 



that your brofher collectors may not be deceived, or be led to make 

 any unnecessary inquiries. 



Tlie Orange Tip {Euchloe Carda mines) 



No one could possibly mistake the male of this species for any 

 other British butterfly, the popular name alone givi)i^ quite 

 sufficient information for its identification, but the female Orange 

 Tip is not tipped with orange, and its markings, both above and 

 beneath, resemble those of Daplidice so nearly that the same 

 written description might apply almost equally well to both. 



On Plate I (fig. 7) is shown the upper side of the male, and 

 jiist opposite it (fig. 8) the under surface of the same. The female 

 is usually a little larger than her mate, and is marked similarly on 

 both sides except that the bright orange blotch is entirely wanting. 

 She may always be distinguished from Daplidice by the smaller 

 size of the white spots that break the dark blotch at the tip of the 

 fore wing ; also by the very small size of the dark spot in the 

 centre of the same wing. The green chequerings of the under side 

 of the hind wings are also more sharply defined, and the insect is 

 generally of a lighter build. 



Like many other butterflies, the Orange Tip is subject to varia- 

 tions in colouring. Sometimes a pale but bright yellow takes ths 

 place of the white ground, and the orange blotch of the male is 

 occasionally present on the upper or lower surface only. 



Cardamincs is a single-brooded insect, and is essentially a 

 creature of the spring, at which time it may be foimd in abundance 

 in lanes, meadows, and clearings in woods thi'oughout the British 

 Isles. Its flight is so light and airy that even the female may 

 easily be distinguished from other Whites when on the wing, while 

 the brilliant orange of the male, intensified by the briglit rays of 

 the spring sun, may be identified at some considerable distance. 



The food plants of Card'imines include the cuckoo-flower 

 {Cardamine pratensis) and the bitter cress {C. iynpatiens), after 

 which the insect is named, also water-cress {Nasturtium officinale), 

 winter cress {Barharea vulgaris), rock cress {Arabis perfoliata), 

 liedge mustard {Sisymhrium officinale), Jack-bj'-the-hedge (S. 

 Alliaria), wild mustard {Brassica Sinapis), &c., and the eggs of 

 the butterfly may be found on these during May and June. 



The catei-pillar (Plate VIII, fig. 2) is green, with a white stripe 

 on each side, and its body is covered with short liair. In July it is 



